Machine

A machine is a tool containing one or more parts that uses energy to perform an intended action. Machines are usually powered by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or electrical means, and are often motorized. Historically, a power tool also required moving parts to classify as a machine. However, the advent of electronics has led to the development of power tools without moving parts that are considered machines.

A simple machine is a device that simply transforms the direction or magnitude of a force, but a large number of more complex machines exist. Examples include vehicles, electronic systems, molecular machines, computers, television, and radio.

Etymology

The word machine derives from the Latin word machina, which in turn derives from the Greek (Doric μαχανά makhana, Ionic μηχανή mekhane "contrivance, machine, engine", a derivation from μῆχος mekhos "means, expedient, remedy").

A wider meaning of "fabric, structure" is found in classical Latin, but not in Greek usage.

This meaning is found in late medieval French, and is adopted from the French into English in the mid-16th century.

Penicillin (band)

Penicillin (stylized as PENICILLIN) is a Japanese visual kei alternative rock band, formed in Tokyo in 1992.

History

Formed by friends at Tokai University in Tokyo, Japan on February 14, 1992. Penicillin began with Chisato on vocals, Gisho on bass, O-Jiro on drums and both Yuuji and Shaisuke on guitar. Before anything was recorded however the band's line-up changed to Hakuei on vocals, Gisho on bass, O-Jiro on drums and both Shaisuke and Chisato on guitar. Their name was taken from the punk rock group "Penicillin Shock" in the manga series To-y and they titled their first album, which was released in 1994 and produced by Kiyoshi of Media Youth, after the fictional band. However, after their first album, Shaisuke left Penicillin to join Deshabillz.

The band made their major debut in 1996 with "Blue Moon" on Pioneer LDC. In 1997 the released Limelight, which was named one of the top albums from 1989-1998 in a 2004 issue of the music magazine Band Yarouze. They stayed on Pioneer until 1998 when they changed to East West Japan. Their sixth single released, "Romance", released January 15, 1998 ranked within the top 10 on the Oricon charts for six consecutive weeks, selling over 900,000 copies. It was the opening theme of the Sexy Commando Gaiden. After they were dropped by East West Japan they changed to Omega A.T. Music (an indie label) in 2001. Omega happens to be under Omega Project Holdings which Yoshiaki Kondou (Gisho) is the CEO of. However they were only on Omega for a year before being picked up by Hiboom, which was an indie subsidiary of Avex Trax. In 2005 when Hiboom was closed, they were picked up directly by Avex Trax and were once again on a major label.

Hot

Hot or HOT may refer to:

Places

Music

Albums

Songs

Hot (Taeyang album)

Hot is the first extended play (EP) and first solo album by Korean singer Taeyang, member of Big Bang. The album was well received by fans and critics alike, winning two trophies from The 6th Korean Music Awards for the 2008 Best R&B/Soul Song (나만 바라봐, "Only Look At Me") and the 2008 Best R&B/Soul Album (Hot). Taeyang is the first "Idol group" or boyband member to receive such awards.

Two singles were released from the album, "Gido" (Hangul: 기도; "Prayer") and "Naman Barabwa" (Hangul: "나만 바라봐"; "Only Look At Me"), with music videos produced for each song. "Make Love" from this album was remade by Big Bang to be featured in their Japanese album Number 1. Bandmate G-Dragon recorded a "Part two" version of "Only Look At Me", and released it as a digital single, "나만 바라봐 Part 2 (Only Look At Me Part 2)." Both versions were performed at the M.Net MKMF Awards, where each member of Big Bang performed a song with Korean singer Hyori Lee.

Tracklist

Sample credits

Hot (Avril Lavigne song)

"Hot" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, taken as the third single from her third studio album, The Best Damn Thing (2007). The song was written by Lavigne and Evan Taubenfeld, while it was produced by Lukasz "Dr. Luke" Gottwald. The pop rock ballad talks about her feelings about a boyfriend, who makes her "hot". The song received positive reviews from music critics, who praised its "old-style" vibe and its anthemic nature. A version of the chorus in Mandarin was released in China and Japan.

Commercially, the song was more successful in Australia, Canada and a few European countries, while it was a commercial disappointment in the United States. Lavigne performed the song at the 2007 MTV Europe Music Awards, American Music Awards, on The Friday Night Project and many more. The music video directed by Matthew Rolston shows Lavigne in a more "sexy" way, with a "1920s burlesque" theme.

Background and release

After the success of her debut album, Let Go (2002), Lavigne released her second album, Under My Skin (2004), which debuted at number one in more than ten countries, went platinum within one month, and further established Lavigne as a pop icon. Later, a song that was co-written by Lavigne and ultimately cut from the final track list -- "Breakaway"—was later given to Kelly Clarkson, who used it as the title track and lead-off single for her Grammy-winning second album. In July 2006, Lavigne married Sum 41's Deryck Whibley and spent most of the year working on her third album, enlisting blink-182 drummer Travis Barker to play drums, and cherry-picking a variety of producers (including her husband) to helm the recording sessions. Lavigne described the album as "really fast, fun, young, bratty, aggressive, confident, cocky in a playful way."

Reno (Doug Supernaw song)

"Reno" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Doug Supernaw. It was released in May 1993 as the second single from his album Red and Rio Grande. It peaked at number 4 in the United States, and number 12 in Canada. It was his first top five hit, as well as his first top ten hit.

Content

"Reno" is a mid-tempo ballad played in the key of F. The narrator compares his former lover to the city of Reno, Nevada, saying that she will draw him in "like the lights of the casino".

Controversy

The song caused local controversy in Reno, Nevada due to its portrayal of the city. Then-mayor Pete Sferrazza thought that the song portrayed the city as "heartless", and one country station refused to play the song due to complaints from listeners.

Music video

The music video was directed by Sherman Halsey. It shows Doug Supernaw playing the song with his band, as well as scenes with him and the band walking around the city and gambling in various casinos. It was partially in black and white, while some of it was in color.

Reactor Experiment for Neutrino Oscillation

RENO (Reactor Experiment for Neutrino Oscillations) is a short baseline reactor neutrino oscillation experiment in South Korea. The experiment was designed to either measure or set a limit on the neutrino mixing matrix parameter θ₁₃, a parameter responsible for oscillations of electron neutrinos into other neutrino flavours. RENO has two identical detectors, placed at distances of 294 m and 1383 m, that observe electron antineutrinos produced by six reactors at the Hanbit Nuclear Power Plant (the old name: the Yeonggwang Nuclear Power Plant) in Korea.

On 3 April 2012, with some corrections on 8 April, the RENO collaboration announced a 4.9σ observation of θ₁₃ ≠ 0, with

This measurement confirmed a similar result announced by the Daya Bay Experiment three weeks before and is consistent with earlier, but less significant results by T2K, MINOS and Double Chooz.

RENO released updated results in December 2013:

References