Recall (memory)

Recall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieval of information from the past. Along with encoding and storage, it's one of the three core processes of memory. There are three main types of recall: free recall, cued recall and serial recall. Psychologists test these forms of recall as a way to study the memory processes of humans and animals. Two main theories of the process of recall are the Two-Stage Theory and the theory of Encoding Specificity.

Theories

Austin Simonson theory

The Austin Simonson theory states that the process of recall begins with a search and retrieval process, and then a decision or recognition process where the correct information is chosen from what has been retrieved. In this theory, recognition only involves the latter of these two stages, or processes, and this is thought to account for the superiority of the recognition process over recall. Recognition only involves one process in which error or failure may occur, while recall involves two. However, recall has been found to be superior to recognition in some cases, such as a failure to recognize words that can later be recalled.

PartyNextDoor Two

PartyNextDoor Two (stylized as PARTYNEXTDOOR TWO) is the debut studio album by Canadian recording artist PartyNextDoor; it was released on July 29, 2014 by OVO Sound and Warner Bros. Records. The record was supported by the promotional singles "Her Way" and "Recognize" featuring rapper Drake, which were respectively released on June 13 and July 15, 2014.

Background

On July 14, 2014, PartyNextDoor announced that his debut studio album PartyNextDoor Two would be released on July 29, 2014 in the United States; it serves as the follow-up to his debut extended play PartyNextDoor (2013). The record was made available for pre-order through the iTunes Store the following day.

Critical reception

PartyNextDoor Two was met with mixed reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from critics, the album received an average score of 46, based on 5 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews". In a positive review for the album, Renato Pagnani of Pitchfork Media said "PartyNextDoor Two succeeds, much like its predecessor, largely thanks to Brathwaite's aptitude for mood." Ryan Patrick of Exclaim! said "One gets the sense that as an artist, PartyNextDoor has yet to even scratch the surface of his potential. Two serves as evidence of such." In a negative review for the album, Devone Jones of PopMatters gave the album a score of 1/10 and said "It bears all the hallmarks of a truly terrible mess. PartyNextDoor isn’t the album you play when you’re happy, in the club, depressed, at home on a rainy day or in a car. You just don’t play it at all."

Soup

Soup is a primarily liquid food, generally served warm (but may be cool or cold), that is made by combining ingredients such as meat and vegetables with stock, juice, water, or another liquid. Hot soups are additionally characterized by boiling solid ingredients in liquids in a pot until the flavors are extracted, forming a broth.

Traditionally, soups are classified into two main groups: clear soups and thick soups. The established French classifications of clear soups are bouillon and consommé. Thick soups are classified depending upon the type of thickening agent used: purées are vegetable soups thickened with starch; bisques are made from puréed shellfish or vegetables thickened with cream; cream soups may be thickened with béchamel sauce; and veloutés are thickened with eggs, butter, and cream. Other ingredients commonly used to thicken soups and broths include egg,rice, lentils, flour, and grains; many popular soups also include carrots and potatoes.

Soups are similar to stews, and in some cases there may not be a clear distinction between the two; however, soups generally have more liquid than stews.

Software of unknown pedigree

SOUP stands for software of unknown (or uncertain) pedigree (or provenance), and is a term often used in the context of safety-critical and safety-involved systems such as medical software. SOUP is software that has not been developed with a known software development process or methodology, or which has unknown or no safety-related properties.

Often, engineering projects are faced with economic or other pressure to embody SOUP into their high integrity systems.

The problem with SOUP is that it cannot be relied upon to perform safety-related functions, and it may prevent other software, hardware or firmware from performing their safety-related functions. The SOUP problem is therefore one of insulating the safety-involved parts of a system from the SOUP and its undesirable effects.

SOUP is now a defined term ("Software Of Unknown Provenance") in some medical device regulations through the standard IEC 62304:2006 "medical device software – software life cycle processes". It is not prohibited to use SOUP but additional controls are needed and the risk needs to be taken into account. Specific practices to take when using SOUP as part of a medical device may include review of the vendor's software development process, use of static program analysis by the vendor, design artifacts, and safety guidance.

Soup (TV series)

Soup is a children's claymation-style animated television series made in New Zealand which aired on TVNZ in 2002. It was created by Jamie Canard and ran for three series of 10 episodes each within the What Now children's TV programme. Each episode was around five minutes long and portrayed the life of fictional creatures living in a swamp. The style of the series was inspired by The Trap Door, with a variety of creatures ranging from hideous rampaging monsters to small scuttling things, typically with big eyes on top of their heads.

Characters