Raions of Ukraine

Raions of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Райони України) are second level of administrative division of Ukraine and are primary the most common division of regions of Ukraine. Equivalent type of regional subdivision are also raions in city (Raions of cities in Ukraine), and cities of regional significance (City of regional significance (Ukraine)). Sometimes these districts are also known as rural districts to distinguish them from raions in city or city districts.

Raions are one of three types of administrative divisions of regions of Ukraine and second level in the administrative divisions of Ukraine.

Description

There are 490 raions in 24 oblasts and the Crimea autonomous republic of Ukraine. The number of raions per region (oblast and autonomous republic) varies between 11 and over 20. The average area of a Ukrainian raion is 1,200 km² (463 sq mi). The average population is 52,000.

The city municipalities of regional (oblast) significance (abbr. MOZ) have an independent of raion jurisdiction. The number of such cities (MOZ) varies from one region to another. In the list below they are listed separately as well. Each raion consist of urban (towns) or rural (villages) smaller municipalities that are administrated by their local councils (selsovet, silrada) and subordinated to raion's or city's administrations. They are the lowest level of administrative division.

Ukraine

Ukraine (ⁱ/juːˈkreɪn/; Ukrainian: Україна, tr. Ukraina [ukrɑˈjinɑ]) is a country in Eastern Europe,bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. It is currently in dispute with Russia over the Crimean peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but Ukraine and most of the international community still recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of 603,628 km² (233,062 sq mi), making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world, and a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.

The territory of modern Ukraine has been inhabited since 32,000 BC. During the Middle Ages, the area was a key centre of East Slavic culture, with the powerful state of Kievan Rus' forming the basis of Ukrainian identity. Following its fragmentation in the 13th century, the territory was contested, ruled and divided by a variety of powers, including Lithuania, Poland, the Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary, and Russia. A Cossack republic emerged and prospered during the 17th and 18th centuries, but its territory was eventually split between Poland and the Russian Empire, and later submerged fully into Russia. Two brief periods of independence occurred during the 20th century, once near the end of World War I and another during World War II, but both occasions would ultimately see Ukraine's territories conquered and consolidated into a Soviet republic, a situation that persisted until 1991, when Ukraine gained its independence from the Soviet Union in the aftermath of its dissolution at the end of the Cold War.

Ukrainian wine

The wine industry of Ukraine is well-established with long traditions. Several brands of wine from Ukraine are exported to bordering countries, the European Union, and North America.

History

A wine culture existed in today's Ukraine. Wine cultivation is in the northern part of the country (around Kiev and Chernihiv), dating back to the 11th century. Since 2000 the production as well as the export of the wines increased rapidly.

Main vine-growing regions

Varietals

The main varietals are Aligoté, Muscat, Isabella, Traminer, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Pinot noir, Pinot gris, Rkatsiteli.

Sparkling wines

Production of sparkling wine like Sovetskoye Shampanskoye ('Soviet Champagne') is increasing. Most of the sparkling wine is produced around large cities like Kiev, Bakhmut, Lviv, Odessa and Kharkiv. Most of the production is based on Pinot blanc, Aligoté, Riesling and Feteasca.

Specialised trade fairs

Ukraine (sports society)

Ukraine (sports society) is a physical culture and sports association of Ukraine.

History

At the end of eighties (1987) the former sports associations of trade unions "Avanhard", "Burevestnik", "Vodnik", "Zenit", "Kolos", "Lokomotiv", and "Spartak" were united into the All-Union volunteer physical culture and sports association of trade unions (VDFSTP). After several years "Kolos" has separated from it and in 1991 VDFSTP was reorganized into the sports association of trade unions "Ukraine".

Sports clubs

Olympic centers

Trade Union Federation of Ukraine

See also

External links