Radiator

Radiators are heat exchangers used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. The majority of radiators are constructed to function in automobiles, buildings, and electronics. The radiator is always a source of heat to its environment, although this may be for either the purpose of heating this environment, or for cooling the fluid or coolant supplied to it, as for engine cooling. Despite the name, most radiators transfer the bulk of their heat via convection instead of thermal radiation (the main exception to this rule being the radiators on spacecraft, see spacecraft radiators below), though the term "convector" is used more narrowly; see radiation and convection, below.

The Roman hypocaust, a type of radiator for building space heating, was described in 15 AD. The heating radiator was invented by Franz San Galli, a Polish-born Russian businessman living in St. Petersburg, between 1855 and 1857.

Radiation and convection

One might expect the term "radiator" to apply to devices that transfer heat primarily by thermal radiation (see: infrared heating), while a device which relied primarily on natural or forced convection would be called a "convector". In practice, the term "radiator" refers to any of a number of devices in which a liquid circulates through exposed pipes (often with fins or other means of increasing surface area). The term "convector" refers to a class of devices in which the source of heat is not directly exposed.

Radiator (band)

Radiator were a British alternative rock band, formed in 1996 by Jack Cooke, Janne Jarvis and Chris Rose. They released one album, also titled Radiator, which received 4 out of 5 when reviewed by Kerrang!, and their music appeared in the first Gran Turismo game (and on the commercially available soundtrack album) as well as in the film A Kind of Hush.

In September 1998 the band opened for the Backyard Babies and The Yo-Yos on their UK tours, while in February 1999 they promoting their "Make It Real" single by touring the UK with Tribute To Nothing and Pitchshifter before opening for Space Age Playboys in Europe. The band also toured the UK supporting Motörhead and Queens Of The Stone Age.

The band's single, "Black Shine" which was released in 1998, and included a remix of the track by Nine Inch Nails member Charlie Clouser.

Radiator's first single, "Resistor", released on the 16 March 1998 was mixed by Chris Sheldon.

The band's debut album Radiator was engineered, mixed and produced by the band themselves. Tracks 1,2,3,4 & 11 on the album were mixed by David Bascombe.

Radiator (heating)

Radiators and convectors are heat exchangers designed to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of space heating. The heating radiator was invented by Franz San Galli in 1855, a Prussian-born Russian businessman living in St. Petersburg.

Radiation vs. convection

In practice, the term "radiator" refers to any of a number of devices in which a fluid circulates through exposed pipes (often with fins or other means of increasing surface area), notwithstanding that such devices tend to transfer heat mainly by convection and might logically be called convectors.

The term convection heater or convector refers to a class of devices in which the source of heat is not directly exposed. As domestic safety and the supply from water heaters keeps temperatures relatively low, radiation is inefficient in comparison to convection.

The international standard for energy efficient consumer products Energy Star recommends placing heat-resistant reflectors between radiators and exterior walls to help retain heat in a room.