Bau or the acronym BAU may refer to:
Rufino Almeida (born 1962, São Vicente), better known as Bau, is a Cape Verdean musician. His father, an instrument maker taught him how to make and play the guitar, the cavaquinho and the violin. In 1994, he joined the touring band of Cesária Évora and in 1996 became her musical director. In September 1999 he moved on and his song Raquel was featured in Pedro Almodóvar's 2002 film Talk to Her.
Bau (pronounced [ˈmba.u]) is a small island in Fiji, off the east coast of the main island of Viti Levu. Bau rose to prominence in the mid-1800s and became Fiji's dominant power; until its cession to Britain, it has maintained its influence in politics and leadership right through to modern Fiji.
Bau is the capital of the Kubuna Confederacy (Kubuna Tribe) and the chiefly centre of Tailevu Province. It is divided into three villages - Bau, Lasakau and Soso.
Among Bau’s landmarks are Fiji’s oldest Christian church and a stone on which the skulls of cannibalism victims were crushed.
Significant chiefly titles from Bau include the Vunivalu (considered to be Fiji’s premier chiefly title), and the Roko Tui Bau, currently held by Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi, the former Vice-President of Fiji.
The village of Lasekau who are inhabited by the clan Nabou (referred to as "Na Bai kei Bau") is ruled by the Komai Nadrukuta.
The village of Soso is occupied by the clan Rara, often referred to as the Rara o Soso and is headed by the Tunidau.