Ksar, plural ksour (Maghrebi Arabic: قصر qser, plural qsur) is the North African Meghrebi Arabic term for "castle", possibly loaned from Latin castrum.
The counterpart of Maghrebi ksar in literary Arabic, qaṣr, means "castle" or "palace" and it is found in this form elsewhere in the Muslim world.
The Berber (Amazigh) original word for "ksar" used in North Africa by the Berber-speaking populations is aghrem (singular) or igherman (plural). In the Maghreb, the term has a more general meaning of "fortified village,"or "fort". The Berber word igherman might be a cognate word, with an identical meaning, with the word Garamantes, which is the name of the ancient Berber city-states in modern-day Libya.
Ksour in the Maghreb typically consist of attached houses, often having collective granaries and other structures like a mosque, bath, oven, and shops. Ksour / igherman are widespread among the oasis populations of North Africa. Ksars are sometimes situated in mountain locations to make defense easier; they often are entirely within a single, continuous wall. The building material of the entire structure is normally adobe, or cut stone and adobe. The idea of the ksar as a granary is a confused notion of two things, the granary itself, found within a ksar, and the ksar, which is a village, normally with granaries within it. Ksars form one of the main manifestations of Berber architecture.
Quantitative structure–activity relationship models (QSAR models) are regression or classification models used in the chemical and biological sciences and engineering. Like other regression models, QSAR regression models relate a set of "predictor" variables (X) to the potency of the response variable (Y), while classification QSAR models relate the predictor variables to a categorical value of the response variable.
In QSAR modeling, the predictors consist of physico-chemical properties or theoretical molecular descriptors of chemicals; the QSAR response-variable could be a biological activity of the chemicals. QSAR models first summarize a supposed relationship between chemical structures and biological activity in a data-set of chemicals. Second, QSAR models predict the activities of new chemicals.
Related terms include quantitative structure–property relationships (QSPR) when a chemical property is modeled as the response variable.
As an example, biological activity can be expressed quantitatively as the concentration of a substance required to give a certain biological response. Additionally, when physicochemical properties or structures are expressed by numbers, one can find a mathematical relationship, or quantitative structure-activity relationship, between the two. The mathematical expression, if carefully validated can then be used to predict the modeled response of other chemical structures.
puddem up puddem up
hip hoppin’ up to the mic not hoppin’ on the rude boy tip I’m makin’
suckers kinda tipsy ‘cause I’m
constantly lippy lippy people tend to shut up cause I’m shuttin’ ‘em down down is where you’ll be
headed if you’re stepping’ in my direction direction provided steel town is where I’m residin’ residin’
in my mind is all the thoughts of leavin’ you blind blind to what surrounds when my lyrics reach your
ear drum drum and base is all I need to wipe out so called champions
now I rock rhymes that make a lot of sense don’t talk nonsense at all when I’m shootin’ this ill type
scripture so everybody gets the picture that my shits boom bap so everybody step back
ohhh-a-aaaah hip hop and rock and rock and roll are causin’ total devastation
ohhh-a-aaaah people tried it before it never sat quite right
ohhh-a-aaaah lovin’ the hip rock a new style of conversation
ohhh-a-aaaah bein' true to myself and now it sits quite nice
critics want to tell me that I’m causin’ too many crossovers with the genres that I’m choosin’
abusin’ the system of creativity but rules are meant to be broken as you are witnessing here comes
the drunken mountie able and willing I’m shooting lyrics that kill getting everybody high put you
fists in the sky no longer will I have to struggle with the lame idea that music is becomin too
predictable susceptible to media hype and all the hype that surrounds you when I’m rocking the mic
when I’m rocking the mic ya
ohhh-a-aaaah hip hop and rock and rock and roll are causin’ total devastation
ohhh-a-aaaah people tried it before it never sat quite right
ohhh-a-aaaah lovin’ the hip rock a new style of conversation
ohhh-a-aaaah bein' true to myself and now it sits quite nice
puddem up puddem up
so it seems you want to fight fight for what is right or so it seems or so it seems seems like it’s the time
time to set it off off with your head head to head I’m challengin’ emcees mentally successfully successfully
I’m climbin’ up the ladder and you’re looking behind you but it’s too late I just zipped by you,
with out the use of force force my way into your mind mind over matter matter resolve resolve it quick and diligent
diligent and efficiently efficiently smoking emcees yes I’m smoking emcees
now I rock rhymes that make a lot of sense don’t talk nonsense all when I’m shootin this il type
scripture so everybody gets the picture that my shits boom bap so everybody step back
ohhh-a-aaaah hip hop and rock and rock and roll are causin’ total devastation
ohhh-a-aaaah people tried it before it never sat quite right
ohhh-a-aaaah lovin’ the hip rock a new style of conversation
ohhh-a-aaaah bein' true to myself and now it sits quite nice
puddem up puddem up
hip hop and rock and rock and roll are causin’ total devastation
hip hop and rock and rock and roll are causin’ total devastation
hip hop and rock and rock and roll are causin’ total devastation