Qiū (surname)
Qiu is the Hanyu Pinyin transliteration of the Chinese family names 丘, 邱, 仇, 秋 and 裘. They may be transliterated in various forms, as:
丘, 邱, 秋 as Qiū, 仇 and 裘 as Qiú (Mandarin, in Pinyin)
Chiu or Khew (Hakka, in Wade-Giles)
Hiu or Kew (in Mandarin)
Yau (Cantonese, in Cantonese Pinyin)
Khoo or Khoe (in Hokkien)
丘 and 邱 also appear in Korea, where they may be transliterated as:
구 (Korean in Hangul)
Gu, Ku, Koo (Korean in Revised Romanization).
丘/邱 ranks 151st in the Hundred Family Surnames, and is very common in Luoyang, Henan or Wuxing, Zhejiang. 秋 is common with Taiwanese aboriginals, but is otherwise rare, ranking 237th. 邱 is a very rare surname in South Korea, with census records noting a distribution of less than 2000 with the name.
History
Qiu (丘) is a common surname in China. It is also one of the most influential surnames in Taiwan, as well as the Sichuan and Fujian provinces in the South China region.
The surname has several historical origins:
In 1046 BC, King Wu of the Zhou dynasty overthrew the Shang dynasty with the help of his adviser, Jiang Ziya. Jiang's clan later settled in the Fufeng County of Shaanxi, where they took the name of the then-capital, Qiu, as their surname. Their descendants bore this surname until the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor (1677-1735) in the Qing dynasty, when some adopted the written form 邱 to distinguish it from the name of Confucius (孔丘). However, the change was mostly adopted by Hokkiens while the Hakkas generally refused. Many Hakkas who refused the change were then prosecuted by the Qing government. It was only after the fall of the Qing dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China in 1912, that some members of the Qiu (邱) family reverted to their ancient surname Qiu (丘)