Tone (musical instrument)

Tone and sound are terms used by musicians and related professions to refer to the audible characteristics of a player's sound. Tone is the product of all influences on what can be heard by the listener, including the characteristics of the instrument itself, differences in playing technique (e.g. embouchure for woodwind and brass players, fretting technique or use of a slide in stringed instruments, or use of different mallets in percussion), and the physical space in which the instrument is played. In electric and electronic instruments, tone is also affected by the amplifiers, effects, and speakers used by the musician. In recorded music, tone is also influenced by the microphones, signal processors, and recording media used to record, mix, and master the final recording, as well as the listener's audio system.

Stringed instruments

The tone of a stringed instrument is influenced by factors related to construction and player technique. The instrument's shape, particularly of its resonant cavity, as well as the choice of tonewood for the body, neck, and fingerboard, are all major determinants of its tone. The material and age of the strings is also an important factor. Playing technique also influences tone, including subtle differences in the amount of pressure applied with the fretting hand, picking or bowing intensity, use of muting and/or drone techniques.

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Twelve-tone technique

Twelve-tone technique—also known as dodecaphony, twelve-tone serialism, and (in British usage) twelve-note composition—is a method of musical composition devised by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951) and associated with the "Second Viennese School" composers, who were the primary users of the technique in the first decades of its existence. The technique is a means of ensuring that all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are sounded as often as one another in a piece of music while preventing the emphasis of any one note through the use of tone rows, orderings of the 12 pitch classes. All 12 notes are thus given more or less equal importance, and the music avoids being in a key. Over time, the technique increased greatly in popularity and eventually became widely influential on 20th century composers. Many important composers who had originally not subscribed to or even actively opposed the technique eventually adopted it in their music, such as Aaron Copland and Igor Stravinsky.

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Steel tongue drum

A steel tongue drum, tank drum or hank drum is a round steel slit/tongue drum originally fashioned from a propane tank.

Description

A steel tongue drum can be made from an empty (often 20 lb) propane tank. The tank is flipped over, the base cut/knocked off; and seven to ten tongues are cut radially into the bottom of the tank, forming the top of the instrument. Steel tongue drum can also be made from new unused tank heads. The tongues can be tuned by the maker by varying the length of the cuts, or by adding weights, often neodymium magnets to the tongues. The steel tongue drum is often tuned to pentatonic scales but can be tuned to the diatonic scale, the chromatic scale, or any set of notes the maker chooses. The instrument is played with the fingers or with mallets. The tone is bell-like.

 Sound example 

History

The steel tongue drum had several predecessors, most notably the Whale Drum by Jim Doble and the Tambiro by Felle Vega. In February 2007 Dennis Havlena, inspired by the physical properties of the Tambiro and the tone layout of the Hang, created a steel tongue drum with a circular cross pattern layout and from an empty 20-pound propane tank. The name 'Hank Drum' came from a combination of "Hang" and "tank".

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Pure

Pure may refer to:

Computing

  • A pure function
  • PureSystems, a family of computer systems introduced by IBM in 2012
  • Pure Software, a company founded in 1991 by Reed Hastings to support the Purify tool
  • Pure-FTPd, FTP server software
  • Pure (programming language), functional programming language based on term rewriting
  • Pure Storage, a company that makes datacenter storage solutions

    • Companies and products

  • Pure (app), dating app
  • Pure Insurance, Privilege Underwriters Reciprocal Exchange
  • Pure Trading, a Canadian electronic communication network operated by CNQ
  • Pure Digital, a UK consumer electronics company specialising in DAB radios
  • Pure Oil, a U.S. chain of gas stations
  • Propulsion Universelle et Recuperation d'Energie (PURE), a motorsport engineering company
  • Pure FM, a university radio station based in Portsmouth, UK.

    • Literature

  • Pure (magazine), a magazine created by Peter Sotos
  • Pure (Miller novel), a novel by Andrew Miller
  • Pure (Baggott novel), a novel by Julianna Baggott
  • PURE, 2016 play about chocolate manufacture, commissioned by Mikron Theatre Company
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    Pure (The Lightning Seeds album)

    Pure is a compilation album by pop band The Lightning Seeds, released in 1996 and reaching #27 in the UK Albums Chart.

    The first of what would turn out to be five compilations Ian Broudie released from 1996 to 2006, Pure, The Lightning Seeds' first release by Virgin, is almost a reissue rather than a compilation, since it consists of all but three of the songs released by Epic on the first two albums, Cloudcuckooland from 1990 and Sense from 1992; the only songs missing are one song from the first album ("Control the Flame") and two from Sense: ("Where Flowers Fade" and "Marooned").

    Track listing

    All songs written and composed by Ian Broudie; except where indicated. 

  • Tracks 1, 2, 3, 7, 12, 13, 14, 18 from Sense
  • Tracks 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 17 from Cloudcuckooland

    • Charts

    Certifications

  • United Kingdom (BPI): Silver (1 January 1997)

    • References

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    Pure (Hayley Westenra album)

    Pure is the first internationally published album by Christchurch, New Zealand soprano Hayley Westenra. Her previous albums were released only in New Zealand and nearby Australia. This album also received professional consultation from the legendary Sir George Martin who helped to create its "unique appeal". In 2004, it was the highest selling New Zealand Album and so it privileged Hayley with an award from the New Zealand Music Awards of 2004. It was published by the Decca Music Group label in 2003. It was distributed in the United States by Universal Classics in 2004. During its first week of sales it sold 19,068 copies. As of 2007, Pure is the best selling classical album for the 21st century in the UK.

    Pure gives a new freshness to well known classical repertoire, as well as exploring the world of pop and traditional Maori choral singing, including renditions of "Who Painted the Moon Black?", "Hine e Hine" (a song of the Māori, the natives of New Zealand), "In Trutina", from Orff's Carmina Burana, "Wuthering Heights" (a cover of the Kate Bush hit), and the perennial spiritual classic "Amazing Grace". Sir George Martin co-wrote the track "Beat of Your Heart" just for the album. Also on the album is "Pokarekare Ana", a New Zealand love song which has enduring popularity, and has become Hayley's signature song.

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    Watch This Space

    by: Britannia High

    Ohhhhh
    Ohhhhhhhhh
    There is no short cut to a dream
    But I am not afraid I'll take it all the way
    I'm gunna give more than it takes
    Work harder than the rest till I'm the very best
    Ohh you think youv'e got it all figured out
    You think ur so damn cool what's that all about
    But I've got mime just watch this space
    And you just wait
    Hold up a mirror you should see yourself
    You think your so much better than everybody else
    But I've got time just watch this space
    And you just wait
    There's something deep inside my heart
    Burns with a thousands flies
    So relentess my desire
    I see a future shine so bright
    Beyond the finish line
    I'm gunna make it mine
    Ohh you think youv'e got it all figured out
    You think ur so damn special what's that all about
    But I've got mime yh watch this space
    And you just wait
    Hold up a mirror you should see yourself
    You think that you wont stumble like everybody else
    But I got time just watch this space
    And you just wait
    You bring your best
    I'll be one step ahead
    Your tears will fall
    You'll be falling instead
    Ohhhh you just wait
    I'm not afraid
    And I'm not backing down
    Shut up your eyes
    And it's coming around
    Ohhhh you just wait




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    Trail Blazers

    The Oregonian 20 Mar 2025
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    Playboi Carti has been playing hard-to-get for years ... That’s who he is ... A Carti record, even a high-profile one like Music, feels like pure splatter — ideas and moods and tones all hitting unpredictably, nothing overstaying its welcome ... 0 ... 0.

    A luminous new recording of The Dream of Gerontius

    The Spectator 13 Mar 2025
    Grade. A– Most popular. Owen Matthews ... Mark Galeotti. Has Ukraine called Putin’s bluff? ... John Findon, as Gerontius, is gloriously urgent and Christine Rice is a pure-toned Angel – her voice has ‘something too of sternness’, as Newman’s text suggests ... .

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    The Daily Mail 13 Mar 2025
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    The happiest songs: Brits reveal their ultimate cheerful tunes - with Walking on Sunshine and ...

    The Daily Mail 13 Mar 2025
    Madonna) ... 'Music is pure magic-it has the power to transport you to your dream destination. It lifts your spirits, sets the tone for adventure and gets you into that summer mindset ... .

    Capping the Paris fashion season, Saint Laurent touts the art of powerful shoulders

    Newsday 12 Mar 2025
    Designer Anthony Vaccarello ’s fall collection refined the house’s codes into pure, striking silhouettes — where sharp tailoring and commanding shoulders set the tone ... Front row ... Sign up ... “Pure forms and volumes are derived from construction and cut.”.

    Estée Lauder collaborates with Laurée on a sugary sweet collection

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    ... Pure Color Crystal Lipstick formula, which gives a high-shine finish wrapped up in a limited-edition pistachio-coloured case, along with a warm rosy-toned refill of Lauder’s Pure Color Creme Lipstick.

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