Proper

Proper may refer to:

Mathematics

Other uses

Tincture (heraldry)

In heraldry, tinctures are the colours used to emblazon a coat of arms. These can be divided into several categories including light tinctures called metals, dark tinctures called colours, nonstandard colours called stains, patterns called furs, and "proper". A charge described as proper (also sometimes termed "natural") is coloured as it would be found in nature.

Use of tinctures

One of the few fundamental rules of heraldry is that metals must not be placed upon other metals and colours must not be placed upon other colours, while furs and proper can sometimes be placed upon either or both. This is referred to as the rule of tincture.

Nonstandard colours called stains were introduced in the late Middle Ages, but have largely been shunned as contrary to the heraldic spirit of bold images and bright, contrasting colours. A peculiar fad of the Renaissance sought to couple each tincture with an associated planet, gemstone, flower, astrological sign, etc., but this practice was soon abandoned and is now regarded as wildly divergent from the science of heraldry. The 19th century saw the rise of "landscape heraldry" and extensive use of charges tinctured "proper", especially in augmentations (and more often in German heraldry than English), but this practice too has been deprecated as essentially unheraldic.

Proper (liturgy)

The proper (Latin: proprium) is a part of the Christian liturgy that varies according to the date, either representing an observance within the liturgical year, or of a particular saint or significant event. The term is used in contrast to the ordinary, which is that part of the liturgy that is reasonably constant, or at least selected without regard to date, or to the common, which contains those parts of the liturgy that are common to an entire category of saints, such as apostles or martyrs.

Propers may include hymns and prayers in the canonical hours and in the Eucharist.

West

The proper of the mass, strictly speaking, consists of the Introit, Gradual, Alleluia or Tract, Sequence, Offertory, and Communion - in other words, all the variable portions of a mass which are spoken or sung by the choir or the people. These are sometimes called the "minor propers" to distinguish them from the collect, secret, postcommunion, and readings - in other words, all the variable portions of a mass which are spoken or sung by the priest or other attendants, such as a lector or deacon. In Roman Catholic and Anglo-Catholic practice, there is a moveable portion of the service that, strictly speaking, does not form part of the proper known as the Accentus. Portions of the Accentus are often referred to as part of the "proper" if they satisfy the criteria of changing by date (such as the Preface and Epistle).

Quan

Quán is the Pinyin romanization of the Chinese family names 權/权 and 全.

權

Quan (traditional Chinese: 權; simplified Chinese: 权; pinyin: Quán) is a Chinese surname. A notable with the surname Quan surname was Quan Deyu, who was born in 759 during the reign of Emperor Suzong. His family claimed to descend from the Later Qin official Quan Yi (權翼). His family tree was from the Sui Dynasty official Quan Rong (權榮).

During the Shang Dynasty, the Quan family founded the state of Quan (權國). In the state of Chu, the Xiong family lived in Quan Country (權縣), and took the surname Quan.

全

Quan (Chinese: 全; pinyin: Quán), is a Chinese family name. Liang, Yang in alternative mandarin are other spellings. The character 全 is rendered as Jeon in Korean and is one of several Chinese characters for the common Korean surname Jeon (Chun). The name is spelled Chuan in Taiwan, based on the Wade–Giles romanization system. Quan Cong was a military general of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms, Quan Huijie (全惠解) the Empress Quan (全) was empress of Eastern Wu.

Quan (disambiguation)

Quan is a Chinese and Vietnamese surname. Quan may also refer to:

See also

Quan (rapper)

Clifford Peacock, better known by his stage name Quan or Don Ferquan, is an American rapper, affiliated with Nas and Ill Will Records. In 2008, he signed with Just Blaze label Fort Knocks as a joint venture with Ill Will. He is currently signed to Amalgam Digital, who distributed his album Walking Testimony in 2009.

Biography

Nas signed Quan to his Ill Will record label, and featured him on "Just a Moment", the third single from his 2004 Street's Disciple album. The album was a critical success for Nas, and Quan's heartfelt verse earned him respect from the hip-hop community at large. He later contributed to songs for the albums of both Cassidy and Jeannie Ortega.

In 2004, Quan began recording material for his debut album, titled Until My Death. The idea of the album's title came about when Quan recalled: "I got this phrase tattooed across my back when I was a younger. It symbolized a change for me, cause I knew that had I not chose to do something different, the result was gonna be just that — Death. I had come too close, too many times, for God to just keep given me chances." The debut to date has yielded only one official single titled "All for War," which featured production by Mike Wonder and L.E.S. Additionally, the debut album was slated to feature guest appearances by the likes of Nas, Cassidy, The Neptunes and Missy Elliott, however the project was "temporarily" shelved in 2011. Quan confirmed in multiple interviews that he was saving the project for a "major" release and revealed that over the number of years that he had recorded over 400 tracks for the album. In 2008, after meeting producer Just Blaze at a party at a club in Manhattan they got talking and decided to do a joint venture with his label Fort Knocks Entertainment & Nas label Ill Will Records. In 2009, Quan released the album Walking Testimony which served as an "appetizer" for Until My Death.

Dose

Dose means quantity (in units of energy/mass) in the fields of nutrition, medicine, and toxicology. Dosage is the rate of application of a dose, although in common and imprecise usage, the words are sometimes used synonymously.

Dose can also mean quantity (in units of number/area) in the fields of Surface science and Ion implantation. See the definition of dose in ISO18115-1, term 4.173 (and compare the related definition of fluence in term 4.217 of the same Standard).

Particular uses in this context including: