Pied-Noir (French pronunciation: [pjenwaʁ], Black-Foot), plural Pieds-Noirs, is a term referring to people of French and other European (usually Spanish, Italian, Portuguese or Maltese) ancestry who were born or lived in French North Africa, namely French Algeria, the French protectorate in Morocco, or the French protectorate of Tunisia, often for generations, until the end of French rule in North Africa between 1956 and 1962. The term usually includes the North African Jews, who had been living there for many centuries but were awarded French citizenship by the 1870 Cremieux decree. More specifically, the term Pieds-Noirs is used for those European-descendent citizens who "returned" to mainland France as soon as Algeria gained independence, or in the months following.
The Europeans arrived in Algeria as immigrants from all over the western Mediterranean (particularly France, Spain, Italy and Malta), starting in 1830. The term is sometimes also used to include the indigenous Jewish population, who settled in the Maghreb long before 1830, but many of whom likewise emigrated after 1962. From the French invasion on 18 June 1830 until its independence, Algeria was administratively part of France (French departments in 1848) and its European population was simply called Algerians or colons (colonists), whereas the Muslim people of Algeria were called Arabs, Muslims or Indigenous.
Noir (or noire) is the French word for black. It may also refer to:
Noir is a Canadian drama film, directed by Yves Christian Fournier and released in 2015.
An ensemble cast film set primarily in the impoverished Montreal North area, the film focuses on a variety of interconnected storylines. Characters include Dickens (Kémy St-Eloi) and Bobby (Clauter Alexandre), two Haitian Canadian brothers involved in the gang lifestyle; Kadhafi (Salim Kechiouche), an Algerian immigrant who works in a dry cleaning shop with Jean-Jacques (Benz Antoine) and dreams of becoming a hip hop star; and Suzie (Jade-Mariuka Robitaille), a stripper in a relationship with drug dealer Evans (Christopher Charles) while simultaneously connected in an ambiguous way to Phil (Patrick Hivon).
Kechiouche garnered a Jutra Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor at the 18th Jutra Awards.
Noir is the second full-length album by the Finnish post-metal band Callisto.
The record has had many problems and delays with its release. It was released in Finland by Fullsteam Records on time in May 2006; however, worldwide release was not available until mid-February 2007 when the album was released in Belgium, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Luxembourg, and Sweden. Earache Records had not gained distribution rights as it did with True Nature Unfolds to release the album in North America. However, since July 2009, the album has been made available on iTunes.
