Physiology

Physiology (/ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/; from Ancient Greek φύσις (physis), meaning "nature, origin", and -λογία (-logia), meaning "study of") is the scientific study of the normal function in living systems. A sub-discipline of biology, its focus is in how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. Given the size of the field, it is divided into, among others, animal physiology (including that of humans), plant physiology, cellular physiology, microbial physiology (see microbial metabolism), bacterial physiology, and viral physiology.Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded to those who make significant achievements in this discipline by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In medicine, a physiologic state is one occurring from normal body function, rather than pathologically, which is centered on the abnormalities that occur in animal diseases, including humans.

Anatomy and physiology, which study (respectively) the structure and function of organisms, make a natural pair of related disciplines, and they are often studied together.

Physiologist (Russian literature)

Originally, Physiologist was an ancient collection of stories about nature, which probably appeared in Alexandria in 200 - 300 A.D. The ancient Russian Physiologist (Russian: Физиолог) in its 15th-century version is a translation from Bulgarian. The Bulgarian version, in turn, was translated from Greek in the 11th - 12th century. Physiologist contains information on animals and birds (lion, eagle etc.), mythical creatures (phoenix, centaur, siren etc.), stones, and trees. The stories are accompanied by commentaries in the spirit of medieval Christian symbolism. The images from the Physiologist found reflection in the old Russian literature, iconography, and book ornamentation.