Peniche

Peniche may refer to:

Places

People

Other

See also

Peniche, Portugal

Peniche (Portuguese pronunciation: [pˈniʃ]) is a seaside municipality and a city in Portugal. It is located in Oeste Subregion in formerly Estremadura Province. The population in 2011 was 27,753, in an area of 77.55 km². The city proper has about 15,600 inhabitants.

The present mayor is António Correia Santos, elected by the Unitarian Democratic Coalition.

History and landmarks

The city was built on a rocky peninsula which is considered by geologists a unique example of the Toarcian turnover during the worldwide Early Jurassic extinction.

Peniche is known for its long beaches, which are popular for recreational activities and sports such as surfing, windsurfing, bodyboarding and kite surfing. These beaches are consistently windy and have good surf breaks with supertubos, i.e., waves forming fast and powerful tubes, considered among the best in Europe. The area has been called the "European Pipeline", after the Banzai Pipeline in Hawaii.

The Berlengas islands, about 10 kilometres (6 mi) offshore from the peninsula, are part of the municipality. They form one of the world's first nature reserves. In summer, the islands can be visited by taking a ferryboat from Peniche.

Peniche (fluid dynamics)

A peniche (or stand-off) is material inserted between a half-model, often of an airplane, and the wall of a wind tunnel. Péniche is a French nautical term meaning barge. The purpose of the peniche is to remove or reduce the influence of the boundary layer on the half-model. The effect of the peniche itself in fluid dynamics is not fully understood.

Half-models are used in wind-tunnel testing in aerodynamics, as larger scale half-models in constant pressure tunnels operate at increased Reynolds numbers closer to those of real aircraft. One trade-off is the interaction between the central part of the half-model and the wall boundary layer. Inserting a peniche between the centre line of the half-model and the wall of the wind tunnel attempts to eliminate or reduce that boundary layer effect by creating distance between the model and the wall. Varying widths and shapes of peniches have been used; a peniche that follows the longitudinal cross section contour of the half-model is the simplest.