Pattani Province

Pattani (Thai: ปัตตานี, pronounced [pàt.tāː.nīː]) is one of the southern provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from southeast clockwise) Narathiwat, Yala, and Songkhla.

History

The name Pattani is the Thai adaptation of the Malay name Patani (Jawi: ڤتنا), which can mean "this beach" in Patani Malay language. (In standard Malay, this would be pantai ini.) Another suggestion is that it derives from a Sanskrit word pathini, meaning "virgin nymph"; Pathini was the nname of a daughter of Merong Mahawangsa, founder of the preceding Langkasuka Empire.

Historically, Pattani Province was the centre of the Malay Sultanate of Patani Darul Makrif. For centuries a tributary state of Siam, Pattani has been governed by Siam since its conquest in 1785. Siamese rule was officially acknowledged by the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 negotiated with the British Empire. Both Yala (Jala) and Narathiwat (Menara) were originally part of Patani, but were made provinces of their own during the territorial administrative reform and the creation of a united centralized Siam state.

Patani (region)

Patani (in Malay (derived from Jawi: ڤتنا), also sometimes Patani Raya, or "Greater Patani") is a historical region in the northern part of the Malay peninsula. It includes the southern Thai provinces of Pattani, Yala (Jala), Narathiwat (Menara), and parts of Songkhla (Singgora), together with Kelantan in the northern part of modern peninsular Malaysia.

The Patani region has historical affinities with the Singgora (Songkhla), Ligor (Nakhon Si Thammarat), and Lingga (near Surat Thani) sultanates dating back to the time when the Patani Kingdom was a semi-independent Malay sultanate paying tribute to the Siamese kingdoms of Sukhothai and Ayutthaya. After Ayutthaya fell to the Burmese in 1767, the Sultanate of Patani gained full independence, but under King Rama I, it again came under Siam's control.

In recent years a secessionist movement has sought the establishment of a Malay Islamic state, Patani Darussalam, encompassing the three southern Thai provinces. This campaign has taken a particularly violent turn after 2001, resulting in an intractable insurgency problem across southern Thailand and the imposition of martial law.

Pattani, Thailand

Pattani is a town (thesaban mueang) in the far south of Thailand, near the border with Malaysia. It is the capital of Pattani Province. The city has a population of 43,631 (2005). It covers the whole tambon Sabarang, Anoru and Chabang Tiko of Mueang Pattani district.

The word Pattani is derived from "Petani" in Malay which means "farmer". The local dialect of Malay is called Patani Malay or Yawi in Thai (derived from Jawi).

Pattani lies 1,056 km south of Bangkok.

Climate

References

External links

Pattani travel guide from Wikivoyage

Coordinates: 6°51′59″N 101°15′3″E / 6.86639°N 101.25083°E / 6.86639; 101.25083