Partition (law)

A partition is a term used in the law of real property to describe an act, by a court order or otherwise, to divide up a concurrent estate into separate portions representing the proportionate interests of the tenants. Under the common law, any tenant who owns an undivided concurrent interest in land can seek such a division. In some cases, the parties agree to a specific division of the land; if they are unable to do so, the court will determine an appropriate division. A sole owner, or several owners, of a piece of land may partition their land by entering a deed poll (sometimes referred to as "carving out").

There are three kinds of partition which can be awarded by court: partition in kind, partition by allotment, and partition by sale. A partition in kind is a division of the property itself among the co-owners. Partition in kind is a default method of property partition. In a partition by allotment, which is not available in all jurisdictions, the court awards full ownership of the land to a single owner or subset of owners, and orders them to pay the person or persons divested of ownership for the interest awarded. Partition by sale constitutes a forced sale of the land, followed by division of the profits thus realized among the tenants. Generally, the court is supposed to order a partition sale only if the land cannot be physically divided, although this determination often rests on whether the economic value of the divided pieces is less in the aggregate than the value of the parcel as a single piece. See Delfino v. Vealencis, 436 A.2d 27 (Conn. 1980).

Distribution law

Distribution law or the Nernst's distribution law gives a generalisation which governs the distribution of a solute between two non miscible solvents.This law was first given by Nernst who studied the distribution of several solutes between different appropriate pairs of solvents.

The statement of the law is

" If a solute X distributes itself between two non miscible solvents A & B at constant temperature & X is in the same molecular condition in both the solvents, then: concentration of X in A / Concentration of X in B = K_d"

Where K_d is called the distribution coefficient or the partition coefficient.

If C₁ denotes the concentration of solute in solvent A & C₂, the concentration of X in B; Nernst's distribution law can be expressed as C₁/C₂ = K_d

See also

ITIES

References