Palwal is a city and a municipal council. It is the headquarters of Palwal district, the 21st district of Haryana state in northern India. It is a centre for the cotton trade in the area.
Palwal is situated at a distance of 60 km from Delhi,50 km from Gurgoan and 55 km from Khair. The latitude of the town is 28° 40' N and longitude is 76° 59' E. The area of town is 22.10 km².
The local tradition identifies Palwal with the Apelava town mentioned in the Mahabharata, which was later restored by Vikramaditya.
Palwal is located at 28°09′N 77°20′E / 28.15°N 77.33°E. It has an average elevation of 195 metres (639 ft).
As of 2011 India census, Palwal had a population of 100,528. Males constitute 53.12% of the population and females 46.88%. However caste with highest population in area are Gurjars (Baisla) clan, Jats, Rajputs, Punjabi migrants and Brahmins. Palwal has an average literacy rate of 70.32%, higher than the national average of 65.5%: male literacy is 78.92%, and female literacy is 67.87%. In Palwal, 19.95% of the population is under 6 years of age.