PSA-Renault X-Type engine

The PSA X engine is a family of internal combustion engines used in Citroën, Peugeot, Talbot and Renault automobiles. The X family was mainly used in superminis and the entry level models of midsize vehicles. It is commonly called the "Douvrin" or the "Suitcase" engine. It is designed and manufactured by the company "Française de Mécanique" for PSA and Renault.

The X design was introduced in 1972 with the Peugeot 104. It was an all-aluminium alloy SOHC inline-four design with two valves per cylinder driven by a chain, using petrol as fuel. It was applied transversely in front wheel drive vehicles only, tilted by 72°. Displacement ranged between 954 and 1,360 cc. The gearbox (four- or five-speeds according to the model) is integral and sits below the engine driven by transfer gears, using engine oil for lubrication. The transfer gears give the power unit a distinctive "whine" - a trait shared with the BMC A-Series engine, which uses a similar construction. The nickname "suitcase engine" stems from the way in which the powertrain is mounted in the vehicle almost lying flat on its side, and splits in half for disassembly - thus resembling a suitcase.