PKN Orlen

PKN Orlen (Polish: Polski Koncern Naftowy Orlen) (WSE: PKN) is a major Polish oil refiner and petrol retailer. The company is a significant European publicly traded firm with major operations in Poland, Czech Republic, Germany, and the Baltic States. In 2009, it was ranked in the Fortune Global 500 as the world's 31st largest oil company and the world's 249th largest company overall, and was the only Polish company ranked by Fortune. It currently (2015) ranks 353, with a revenue of over US$33.8 billion. Orlen sponsored a national Polish volleyball team.

Establishment

The firm was created through the merger of Poland's two communist oil monopolies. PKN Orlen has its roots in the creation of C.P.N. (Centrala Produktów Naftowych), Communist Poland's petroleum retail monopoly in 1944. In the 1950s, the second block of PKN Orlen was formed, Petrochemia Płock, a state firm in charge of the refineries in Płock and grew to become the largest complex of its kind in Poland. After the merger of CPN and Petrochemia Płock, the company was renamed into Polski Koncern Naftowy (PKN), with Orlen added several months later as the consortium's brand name. The new name is derived from Orl- for "orzeł" (Polish: eagle) and its adjective "orli", and -en for "energia" (Polish: energy).

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PKN

PKN can mean:

Pertti Kurikan Nimipäivät, a Finnish punk band

A member of the Protein kinase family of enzymes

Protestant Church in the Netherlands

Personal knowledge networking

Program Khidmat Negara, Malaysia's National Service program

The Palace of Culture and Science, the tallest building in Poland

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PKN3 (gene)

PKN3 is a protein kinase C-related molecule and thought to be an effector mediating malignant cell growth downstream of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). It is thought that chronic activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/PTEN signal transduction pathway contributes to metastatic cell growth and that PKN3 may mediate that growth.1

PKN3 is required for invasive prostate cell growth as assessed by 3D cell culture assays and in an orthotopic mouse tumor model by inducible expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA). PKN3 may represent a target for therapeutic intervention in cancers that lack tumor suppressor PTEN function or depend on chronic activation of PI3K.