Filippo Parlatore

Filippo Parlatore (8 August 1816 – 9 September 1877) was an Italian botanist.

Parler family

Parler (Czech: Parléř [ˈparlɛːr̝̊]) was a surname of a family of German architects and sculptors from the 14th century. Founder of the dynasty, Heinrich Parler, came from Cologne, but later lived and worked in Gmünd. His descendants were working in various parts of central Europe, especially in Bohemia. The family name was derived from the word Parlier, meaning "foreman".

Notable members of the family include:

PARL

Presenilins-associated rhomboid-like protein, mitochondrial also known as mitochondrial intramembrane cleaving protease PARL is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that in humans is encoded by the PARL gene on chromosome 3. It is a member of the rhomboid family of intramembrane serine proteases. This protein is involved in signal transduction and apoptosis, as well as neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes.

Structure

Rhomboid family members share a conserved core of six transmembrane helices (TMHs), with the Ser and His residues required to form the catalytic dyad embedded in TMH-4 and TMH-6, respectively. This dyad is found deep below the membrane surface, which indicates that the hydrolysis of peptide bonds occurs within the hydrophobic phospholipid bilayer membrane. As a member of the Parl subfamily, PARL has an additional N-terminal TMH which may form a loop to the catalytic core.

Function

This gene encodes a mitochondrial integral membrane protein. Following proteolytic processing of this protein, a small peptide (P-beta) is formed and translocated to the nucleus. This gene may be involved in signal transduction via regulated intramembrane proteolysis of membrane-tethered precursor proteins. Variation in this gene has been associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.