Outbreak (film)

Outbreak is a 1995 American medical disaster film directed by Wolfgang Petersen and very loosely based on Richard Preston's non-fiction book The Hot Zone. The film stars Dustin Hoffman, Rene Russo and Morgan Freeman, and co-stars Cuba Gooding, Jr., Kevin Spacey, Donald Sutherland and Patrick Dempsey.

The film focuses on an outbreak of a fictional Ebola-like virus called Motaba in Zaire and later in a small town in the United States. Its primary settings are government disease control centers USAMRIID and the CDC, and the fictional town of Cedar Creek, California. Outbreak's plot speculates how far military and civilian agencies might go to contain the spread of a deadly contagion.

The film was released on March 10, 1995 and proved a box office success. It was nominated for various awards but failed to garner any major award nominations. It also raised various "what-if" scenarios: media outlets began to question what the government would really do in a similar situation and if the CDC has plans in case an outbreak ever does occur. A real-life outbreak of the Ebola virus was occurring in Zaire during the time of the film's release.

Outbreak

In epidemiology, an outbreak is a sudden increase in occurrences of a disease in a particular time and place. It may affect a small and localized group or impact upon thousands of people across an entire continent. Two linked cases of a rare infectious disease may be sufficient to constitute an outbreak. Outbreaks may also refer to epidemics, which affect a region in a country or a group of countries, or pandemics, which describe global disease outbreaks.

Outbreak investigation

When investigating disease outbreaks, the epidemiology profession has developed a number of widely accepted steps. As described by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, these include the following:

Outbreak (band)

Outbreak is an American hardcore punk band from Maine. The group was founded in 2002 and has released two full-length albums, Failure on Bridge 9 and Outbreak on Think Fast! Records. The band has also released several other EP's, splits, and singles, notably appearing on the Saw VI: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack in 2009, along with Hatebreed, Type O Negative, Suicide Silence, Every Time I Die, and others.

History

Outbreak formed in western Maine in 2002 where vocalist Ryan O'Connor, drummer Ira Goldfrank, and guitarist Chuck Bruce attended high school together. They would later recruit Austin Lemieux on bass guitar although the lineup would change several times over the years to follow. Practice sessions were originally conducted in an abandoned warehouse in Kingfield, Maine. The group started out playing locally, and quickly generated a buzz within the hardcore punk scene, which ultimately lead to their signing to Bridge 9 Records. The band released Failure in 2006, their first full length, which generally received positive press. The band supported the effort with global touring including stops in Australia, Japan, Europe, and South America. After a major lineup change in 2008 which saw most of the active lineup continuing on with their side project, Cruel Hand, Outbreak would release their second full length album on O'Connor's own, Think Fast! Records, with a distribution deal through Universal Music Group/Trustkill. The album was released on November 10, 2009 and generally received positive press, including write ups from Alternative Press and Outburn. Alternative Press called the album "tighter, smarter, and livelier" while Outburn called it "thought provoking and exciting". Outbreak would debut a song from the album via the Saw VI: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack in October 2009.

List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2003 TV series) episodes

This is a list of episodes of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 2003 TV series. The series debuted on February 8, 2003 on the Fox Network as part of Fox's 4Kids TV Saturday morning lineup, and ended on March 27, 2010. The series was produced by Mirage Studios, which owned one third of the rights to the show.

Series

Season One: 2003

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles' first season originally aired between February 4, 2003 and November 1, 2003, beginning with the "Things Change" episode. The episodes were released in two separate volumes, the first on May 22, 2007 with twelve episodes, and the second on September 18, 2007 with fourteen episodes.

Season Two: 2003–04

The Shredder returns in season 2 and is revealed to be an Utrom named Ch'rell. Karai the daughter of the Shredder makes her first appearance in this season.

Season Three: 2004–05

Many of the Ninja Turtles enemies return in season 3. This is the final season that includes Utrom Shredder.

Film (Iranian magazine)

Film (Persian:فیلم) is an Iranian film review magazine published for more than 30 years. The head-editor is Massoud Mehrabi.

References

External links

Film (film)

Film is a 1965 film written by Samuel Beckett, his only screenplay. It was commissioned by Barney Rosset of Grove Press. Writing began on 5 April 1963 with a first draft completed within four days. A second draft was produced by 22 May and a forty-leaf shooting script followed thereafter. It was filmed in New York in July 1964.

Beckett’s original choice for the lead – referred to only as “O” – was Charlie Chaplin, but his script never reached him. Both Beckett and the director Alan Schneider were interested in Zero Mostel and Jack MacGowran. However, the former was unavailable and the latter, who accepted at first, became unavailable due to his role in a "Hollywood epic." Beckett then suggested Buster Keaton. Schneider promptly flew to Los Angeles and persuaded Keaton to accept the role along with "a handsome fee for less than three weeks' work."James Karen, who was to have a small part in the film, also encouraged Schneider to contact Keaton.

The filmed version differs from Beckett's original script but with his approval since he was on set all the time, this being his only visit to the United States. The script printed in Collected Shorter Plays of Samuel Beckett (Faber and Faber, 1984) states:

Lubrication theory

In fluid dynamics, lubrication theory describes the flow of fluids (liquids or gases) in a geometry in which one dimension is significantly smaller than the others. An example is the flow above air hockey tables, where the thickness of the air layer beneath the puck is much smaller than the dimensions of the puck itself.

Internal flows are those where the fluid is fully bounded. Internal flow lubrication theory has many industrial applications because of its role in the design of fluid bearings. Here a key goal of lubrication theory is to determine the pressure distribution in the fluid volume, and hence the forces on the bearing components. The working fluid in this case is often termed a lubricant.

Free film lubrication theory is concerned with the case in which one of the surfaces containing the fluid is a free surface. In that case the position of the free surface is itself unknown, and one goal of lubrication theory is then to determine this. Surface tension may then be significant, or even dominant. Issues of wetting and dewetting then arise. For very thin films (thickness less than one micrometre), additional intermolecular forces, such as Van der Waals forces or disjoining forces, may become significant.