Orhan of the Ottoman Empire

Orhan Ghazi ben Osman (Ottoman Turkish: اورحان غازی‎,Turkish: Orhan Gazi; 1281 – March 1362) was the second bey of the nascent Ottoman Empire (then known as the Ottoman Beylik or Emirate) from 1326 to 1362. He was born in Söğüt, the son of Osman I and Malhun Hatun. His grandfather was Ertuğrul, and his grandmother was Halime Sultan.

In the early stages of his reign, Orhan focused his energies on conquering most of northwestern Anatolia. The majority of these areas were under Byzantine rule and he won his first battle, at Pelekanon, against the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos. Orhan also occupied the lands of the Karasids of Balıkesir and the Ahis of Ankara.

A series of civil wars surrounding the ascension of the nine-year-old emperor John V Palaiologos benefited Orhan greatly. In the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347, the regent John VI Kantakouzenos married his daughter Theodora to Orhan and employed Ottoman warriors against the rival forces of the queen dowager, allowing them to loot Thrace. In the Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357, Kantakouzenos used Ottoman forces against John V himself, granting them the use of a European fortress at Çimpe around 1352. A major earthquake devastated Gallipoli (modern Gelibolu) two years later and Orhan's son Süleyman Pasha occupied the town, giving the Ottomans a strong bridgehead into mainland Europe.

Orhan (name)

Orhan is a Turkish given name for males. People named Orhan include:

Other uses

Orphan (album)

Orphan is the third full-length album by American indie-rock band Empires, released in 2014.

Reception

Rolling Stone: "Their music is some of this year’s very best"

Billboard (magazine): " The story of Empires’ new album is the story of what a great producer can do for an already-promising band."

Consequence of Sound: " Brick by musical brick, Empires are steadily evolving into the pop rock powerhouse that they evidently have the makeup to be. If the band continue to smartly and steadily branch out like they do on Orphan, they could soon be taking to the bigger stages and venues that the record’s songs so eagerly court."

Stereogum: “Empires make timeless music — upbeat yet melancholy, pleasant but not saccharine, lyrics tangled up in the messy business of romance...These guys have their own thing going, and that thing is highly appropriate for the summer that is about to unfold before us.”

The Huffington Post: "Empires have such a distinct sound I don't know whether to tell you they sound like The National meets [insert alt rock band here] or simply just say it's quality alt/indie-rock blended with subtle 1980s tones. Let's go with the latter."