Null coalescing operator

The null coalescing operator (called the Logical Defined-Or operator in Perl) is a binary operator that is part of the syntax for a basic conditional expression in several programming languages, including C#,Perl as of version 5.10,Swift, and PHP 7.0.0.

In contrast to the ternary conditional if operator used as x ? x : y, but like the binary Elvis operator used as x ?: y, the null coalescing operator is a binary operator and thus evaluates its operands at most once, which is significant if the evaluation of x has side-effects.

C#

In C#, the null coalescing operator is ??. It is most often used to simplify null expressions as follows:

For example, if one wishes to implement some C# code to give a page a default title if none is present, one may use the following statement:

instead of the more verbose

or

The three forms are logically equivalent.

The operator can also be used multiple times in the same expression:

Once a non-null value is assigned to number, or it reaches the final value (which may or may not be null), the expression is completed.

Liberman (album)

Liberman is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Vanessa Carlton, released on October 23, 2015, through Dine Alone Records. It is the follow up to Carlton's 2011 album Rabbits on the Run and marks her first release since signing with Dine Alone Records. The title of the album comes from an oil painting made by Carlton's late grandfather, whose given surname was Liberman.

Background and writing

Following the 2011 release Rabbits on the Run, Carlton took time off to get married, start a family and write another album. She tells CBS News that these changes in her life are reflected in Liberman's songs and that she "wanted the whole album to feel like an escape type of album, where you put it on and you feel like you're in this dreamy state."

To avoid preconceived notions, demos recorded were sent to Dine Alone Records without Carlton's name attached. Label president Joel Carriere recalls hearing the demos and tells The Toronto Star, "The songs were amazing, it was atmospheric, it kind of fit into what we’re all into ... and we never would have guessed it was Vanessa Carlton because her voice has developed so much since her pop songs 14 years ago and the songwriting had obviously changed. We were, like: 'Yeah, we want to do this. But what is it we’re doing?'"

Operator (mathematics)

An operator is a mapping from one vector space or module to another. Operators are of critical importance to both linear algebra and functional analysis, and they find application in many other fields of pure and applied mathematics. For example, in classical mechanics, the derivative is used ubiquitously, and in quantum mechanics, observables are represented by hermitian operators. Important properties that various operators may exhibit include linearity, continuity, and boundedness.

Definitions

Let U, V be two vector spaces. Any mapping from U to V is called an operator. Let V be a vector space over the field K. We can define the structure of a vector space on the set of all operators from U to V (A and B are operators):

for all A, B: U → V, for all x in U and for all α in K.

Additionally, operators from any vector space to itself form a unital associative algebra:

with the identity mapping (usually denoted E, I or id) being the unit.

Bounded operators and operator norm

Åram

Åram is a village in Vanylven Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located on the mainland, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) straight north of the municipal centre of Fiskåbygd. The village has a ferry quay with regular connections to the nearby islands of Kvamsøya, Voksa, and Gurskøya. Åram Church is located in the village.

Åram and all of the mainland for about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) in all directions was formerly a part of Sande Municipality until 1 January 2002 when it was administratively transferred to Vanylven.

The local football club is Åram/Vankam FK.

References

Goat (zodiac)

The Goat (Chinese: 羊; pinyin: yáng) is the eighth sign of the 12-year cycle of animals that appear in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. The sign is also referred to as the Ram or Sheep sign, since the Chinese word yáng is more accurately translated as Caprinae, a taxonomic subfamily which includes both sheep and goats.

The Year of the Goat (alternatively, Year of the Ram or Year of the Sheep) is associated with the 8th Earthly Branch symbol, 未 (wèi).

Goat or Sheep

The Chinese word yáng refers both to goats and sheep, with shānyáng specifically goats and miányáng sheep. In English, the sign (originally based on a horned animal) may be called either. The interpretation of sheep or goat depends on culture. In Vietnamese, the sign is mùi, which is unambiguously goat. In Japan, on the other hand, the sign is hitsuji, sheep; while in Korea and Mongolia the sign is also sheep or ram. Within China, there may be a regional distinction with the zodiacal yáng more likely to be thought of as a goat in the south, while tending to be thought of as a sheep in the north.

Ram Pothineni

Ram Pothineni (Rām Pōthinēni; born on 15 May 1988) is an Indian film actor of the Telugu film industry. He hails from Hyderabad, Telangana.

Personal life

Ram (Full name: Ram Pothineni) is the son of Murali Mohan Pothineni, the nephew of noted film producer Ravi Kishore Pothineni, popularly known as Sravanthi Ravi Kishore. He was born in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. He did his schooling at Chettinad. Dr.Ramesh babu of Ramesh hospitals in Vijayawada and Guntur is his uncle.

Career

Ram made his debut in 2006 with Devadasu and the film went on to become a blockbuster, running for 500 days in over a dozen centers. His second film, Jagadam was directed by Sukumar. Though it did not do well at the box office, it received critical acclaim. He then appeared in Ready alongside Genelia D'Souza directed by Srinu Vaitla with the film becoming a huge success, prompting remakes into other Indian languages and catapulting him to the big league. In 2009, he had two releases, Maska and Ganesh Just Ganesh, the latter was not successful at the box office. Maska had one of the biggest openings at the time, collecting over ₹2.5 crores on the opening day and recovering its investment within the first week. In 2010, Ram had only one release, Rama Rama Krishna Krishna, produced by Dil Raju and directed by Srivaas. Ram's next film Kandireega was a big blockbuster of 2011 and Ram proved to be the man of the masses along with his lover boy image. His next latest release was Endhukante Premanta with Tamannaah, directed by Karunakaran and produced by Sravanthi Ravi Kishore. The movie was shot in the beautiful lavish locales with a huge budget but it turned out to be an average grosser.