Official

An official is someone who holds an office (function or mandate, regardless whether it carries an actual working space with it) in an organization or government and participates in the exercise of authority (either his own or that of his superior and/or employer, public or legally private).

A government official or functionary is an official who is involved in public administration or government, through either election, appointment, selection, or employment. A bureaucrat or civil servant is a member of the bureaucracy. An elected official is a person who is an official by virtue of an election. Officials may also be appointed ex officio (by virtue of another office, often in a specified capacity, such as presiding, advisory, secretary). Some official positions may be inherited. A person who currently holds an office is referred to as an incumbent.

The word official as a noun has been recorded since the Middle English period, first seen in 1314. It comes from the Old French official (12th century), from the Latin officialis ("attendant to a magistrate, public official"), the noun use of the original adjective officialis ("of or belonging to duty, service, or office") from officium ("office"). The meaning "person in charge of some public work or duty" was first recorded in 1555. The adjective is first attested in English in 1533, via the Old French oficial.

Official (Canadian football)

An official in Canadian football is a person who has responsibility in enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game.

Equipment

Canadian football officials generally use the following equipment:

  • Whistle
    Used to signal that the play has ended.
  • Penalty Marker or Flag
    A bright orange coloured flag that is thrown on the field toward or at the spot of a foul. It is wrapped around a weight, such as sand, beans, or small ball, so it can be thrown with some distance and accuracy.
  • Bean Bag
    Used to mark various spots that are not fouls. For example, it is used to mark the spot of a fumble or where a player caught a punt.
  • Down Indicator
    A specially designed wristband that is used to remind officials of the current down. It has an elastic loop attached to it that is wrapped around the fingers. Usually, officials put the loop around their index finger when it is first down, the middle finger when it is second down, and so on. Instead of the custom-designed indicator, some officials use two thick rubber bands tied together as a down indicator: one rubber band is used as the wristband and the other is looped over the fingers. Some officials, especially Umpires, may also use a second indicator to keep track of where the ball was placed between the hash marks before the play (i.e. the right hash marks, the left ones, or at the midpoint between the two). This is important when they re-spot the ball after an incomplete pass.
  • Rugby league match officials

    Rugby league match officials are responsible for fairly enforcing the Laws of the Game from a neutral point of view during a match of rugby league football and imposing penalties for deliberate breaches of these Laws. The most senior match official is the referee, they may be assisted by a range of other officials depending on the level and rules of the competition.

    Equipment

    The match officials may use the following equipment:

    Uniform

    Match officials on the playing field including the referee, touch judges and in-goal judges all wear an official uniform of a colour distinguishable from those being worn by the two sides playing each other. These uniforms have no special markings to signify the official capacity of the wearer, instead this can be identified by the positioning and equipment of the official.

    Refereeing systems

    Different refereeing systems are in use:

    Positions and responsibilities

    Referee

    The players of each team should be made available for kit inspection. The referee inspects the playing kit of the two teams to ensure it is within the rules, safety is the main concern. The boots worn by players can be of particular interest so as to make sure that there are no sharp edges. The strapping worn by some players has also been scrutinised.

    Podcasts:

    PLAYLIST TIME:

    Official

    by: Pharoahe Monch

    Pharoahe's Official like starter, hit harder than Fort Green
    Authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    [Unverified] behind the back like makin' 'em all fiend
    From my intricate ways to shake ya whole team
    Official, starter hit harder than Fort Green
    No authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    Permitted behind the back like makin' 'em all fiend
    For my intricate ways to break ya whole team
    My style, make the whole crowd Se-au
    Like number 55 on the chargers
    I promise thee I dodge a nigga like Raul Mondesi
    Somberly stay calm, fighting means like Natrone
    The bomb, like Hail Mary's inflated wit napalm
    Rap please us, deliver scriptures similar to Jesus
    That you couldn't catch if you was Ivan Rodriguez
    So don't compete within the zone where the [unverified] is
    I'm on the phone in the luxury box like George Steinbrenner
    The owner, makin' you give your diamond-back like Arizona
    Winnin' always Indian like Chief Nakahoma
    Sock a nigga in his face, Pharoahe's the sporting authority
    Blacks attracted to my rap like [unverified]
    You already fucked up when you stepped up to bat
    Strike, strike, strike, that's that
    (One two, three)
    Pharoahe's Official like starter, hit harder than Fort Green
    Authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    [Unverified] behind the back like makin' 'em all fiend
    For my intricate ways to break ya whole team
    Official like starter, hit harder than Fort Green
    No authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    Permitted behind the back like makin' 'em all fiend
    For my intricate ways to shake ya whole team
    Yo, the realness stuck, females blauch my knob like Chuck
    Dispense to standing in count commence to rebound like Buck Williams
    Triple Crown threat to score, plus the bonus strange
    Without the Rover, more range than Rey Ordonez
    One of the MC's flip my kind of grammar on the break
    Three on one like Phi Slamma Jamma
    Serve a slot, a curve-splitter-knuckleball-spitter-change
    Every rhyme hid a bitter note, quote, "Get a game"
    Not Allen Iverson, forget crossin' over shake men
    Similar to Troy, I bring the pain destined to Aik-man
    Break men off, take men out, make me wanna slander
    Prime time, my rhyme defense beyond Deion Sanders
    I walk the earth with my Rod in this Strick-land
    Promise, people thought I was Thomas Hearns the way I hit man
    Pharoahe's Official like starter, hit harder than Fort Green
    Authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    [Unverified] behind the back like makin' 'em all fiend
    For my intricate ways to break ya whole team
    Official like starter, hit harder than Fort Green
    No authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    Permitted behind the back like makin' 'em all fiend
    For my intricate ways to shake ya whole team
    (Official)
    Yeah yeah, come on come on
    It's Lee Stone, Pharoahe Monch for real
    Wit the Official hip hop to kill
    Know what's the deal, come on check it
    Yo, yo, yo, Pharoahe's Official like starter, hit harder than Fort Green
    Authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    Then hid it behind the back like makin' 'em all fiend
    For my intricate way ta-ta-ta-ta, yo, yo
    Official like Starter, hit harder than Fort Green
    Authentic, Nike, Adidas and Spalding
    The minute behind the back like makin' em all fiend
    For my intircate way ta-ta-ta-ta
    Yo, I stick around like hockey, now what the puck
    Cooler than fuck, maneuver like Vancouver Canucks
    In ya speaker, destroy your woofer, mids and tweeters
    Not Wolverine but still I hold claws like Shameeka
    Water Boys get slaughtered automatic like Bobby Boucher
    Push ya wig back like Marv Albert's toupe
    Blaze a trail like Portland on a track that'll amaze ya
    Omnipotent on the D like Clyde Frazier
    Slide, phase ya, glide get off the uhh




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