Error creating thumbnail: convert: unable to open image `/var/sites/mediawiki-1.19.1/images/1/17/Ocean&LNHunterIs1804img141.jpg': No such file or directory @ error/blob.c/OpenBlob/2638.
convert: no images defined `/tmp/transform_43e6d5c-1.jpg' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3044. Hunter Island with the ships Ocean and Pilgrim in foreground and the Lady Nelson behind the flag on the stern of the Ocean, 1804. |
|
Career | ![]() |
---|---|
Name: | Ocean |
Owner: | Messrs Hurry & Co |
Launched: | 1794, South Shields |
Fate: | Unknown |
General characteristics | |
Class & type: | Brig |
Tons burthen: | 461 or 481 tons (bm) |
Length: | 109 ft 9 in (33.45 m) (overall), 86 ft 5 1⁄4 in (26.346 m) (keel) |
Beam: | 31 ft 81 in (11.51 m) |
Depth of hold: | 13 ft 1 in (3.99 m) |
Propulsion: | Sail |
Sail plan: | Brig |
Complement: | 35-40 |
Armament: | 12 x 6-pounder guns |
Notes: | Copper-sheathed |
Ocean was an English merchant ship and whaler built in 1794 at South Shields, England. She performed two voyages as an "extra" ship for the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) and later, in 1803, she accompanied HMS Calcutta to Port Phillip (Melbourne). The vessels supported the establishment of a settlement under the leadership of Lt Col David Collins. Calcutta transported convicts, with Ocean serving to transport supplies. When the settlers abandoned Port Phillip, Ocean, in two journeys, relocated the settlers, convicts and marines to the River Derwent (Hobart Town) in 1804.[1][2]
Ocean's ultimate fate is unknown.
Contents |
The Ocean was a three-masted, copper-bottomed brig. [3] She was built in 1794 at South Shields.[4]
Originally, Ocean was a whaler owned by the newly-operating South fishers, Thomas and Edward Hurrys, who were bankrupt by 1806.[5] On her voyage with Calcutta, Ocean was armed. Accounts record a salute of 11 guns from the Ocean on the establishment of the settlement at Hobart.[6]
Ocean made two trips to Bengal as an "extra" ship for the HEIC. That is, the HEIC chartered her on a per-voyage basis, rather than having her on long-term contract; extra ships were usually smaller than the regular HEIC Indiamen. The French Revolutionary Wars having started, she sailed under letters of marque for both voyages.
The first letter was issued on 22 January 1796 and gave her captain's name as John Bowen. It listed her as having a crew of 40 men and armament of ten 6-pounder guns.
Under Bowen's command, she left Gravesend on 17 February 1796. She was at Cowes on 30 March, where she took on board men from the 28th Light Dragoons . She then joined a convoy for the Cape of Good Hope on 11 April. The convoy included another Ocean, this one a much larger East Indiaman. On 10 September the brig Ocean sailed for Bengal. On 28 November she was at Diamond Harbour and by 30 December she was at Calcutta. She left Diamond Harbour again on 10 January 1797. She left Bengal on 27 March 1797 with a cargo of sugar and in a convoy escorted by the frigate HMS Fox. Ocean left Kedgeree on 19 March and Trincomalee on 24 April. Ocean reached the Cape on 11 July, a storm having dispersed the convoy and despite having sprung leaks that had kept the crew at the pumps from 26 May on. She sailed from the Cape on 26 August as part of a convoy of 16 East Indiamen and six British warships, reaching Saint Helena on 11 September. Ocean reached Gravesend, Kent on 18 December, and finished unloading at Deptford on 19 January 1798.[7]
In 1798 she was repaired by Fletcher. She received her second letter of marque on 30 July 1798. That letter gave her captain's name as Robert Abbon Mash, her crew size as 40, and her armament as twelve 6-pounders.[8] On 4 October 1798 she sailed for Bengal. She reached the Cape of good Hope on 14 January 1799, Madras on 9 May, Coringa on 16 June and Calcutta on 17 July. On the return leg she was at Diamond Harbour on 25 September, and Kedgeree by 23 October. By 26 January 1800 Ocean was at Saint Helena, and returned to her moorings in Britain on 1 June.[9]
The British Government chartered Ocean from Messrs Hurry & Co as a supply ship for the journey from Portsmouth to Port Philip Bay. On the voyage to Port Philip Bay, she carried 100 people along with supplies needed for the settlement at Port Philip Bay. These included, the Captain, John Mertho, 9 officers, 26 seamen, 8 civil officers including George Harris a surveyor and Adolarius Humphrey a mineralogist, and a group of free settlers. Many of the free settlers had skills that would be of value to the new settlement - 5 were carpenters, 2 seamen, 2 millers, a whitesmith (works with white or light coloured metals such as tin or pewter), a stonemason, gardener, painter, schoolteacher, pocketbook maker (maker of wallets and covered notebooks) and 2 servants.[3]
Ocean and Calcutta left Portsmouth on 27 April 1803 and reached Santa Cruz on the Island of Tenerife, part of the Canary Islands on 17 May 1803. Both ships sailed from Tenerife on 21 May and arrived at Rio de Janeiro in Brazil on 29 June.[3] While in Rio, Captain Woodriff of Calcutta sent 5 marines under Lieutenant Sladden to help maintain order on the Ocean for the rest of the voyage. According to Reverend Robert Knopwood's journals, ‘Mr. Hartley, a settler had behaved badly’ – and it seemed there was little love lost between some of the free settlers and Captain Mertho. They apparently regarded him as a ‘tyrant’ while he thought they were intractable.[3][10][11]
At Rio de Janeiro, seven sailors deserted Calcutta. Portuguese soldiers captured three of them and returned them to her, receiving a reward of 6 pounds per sailor. While the ships were at berth, maintenance work was carried out on both ships and fresh provisions were taken on board for the next leg of the journey. Cloths were washed; repairs and adjustments made to the rigging of both ships and supplies of water were replenished. The fresh provisions included 36 turkeys, 13 dozen capons (roosters) and fowls, 68 very large ducks 4 geese, 13 pigs and a large quantity of fruit and vegetables. Both Ocean and Calcutta left Rio on 19 July 1803.[3]
The Ocean, the slower of the two ships, was directed to sail direct to Port Philip Bay if she lost contact with Calcutta. The ships did lose contact so the Ocean did not put in at Cape Town, arriving at Port Philip Bay on 7 October.[3] At Cape Town two more sailors deserted Calcutta. One was captured and returned.[3]
After leaving Rio, Ocean sailed through the Southern Atlantic and into the Indian Ocean. She experienced frightening weather conditions for 77 days before sighting land on course and off Port Philip on 5 October. Twenty days out of Rio, George Harris recorded that ‘for many days we could not sit at table but were obliges to hold fast by boxes and on the floor and all our crockery were almost broken to pieces, besides many seas into the cabin and living in the state of darkness from the cabin windows being stopped up by the deadlights … I was never so melancholy in my life before’.[3] In such conditions work on deck was extremely dangerous. On 9 August John Bowers fell overboard and was lost.[3]
Ocean and Calcutta established the first settlement at Port Phillip in 1803 under the leadership of Lt Col David Collins.[12]
While at Port Philip Bay, a number of convicts escaped. According to Rev. Robert Knopwood's journal six convicts escaped from Sorrento on the evening of 27 December 1803. The settlement was in the process of closing down at the time, HMS Calcutta had already sailed for Port Jackson in New South Wales and the Ocean was preparing to sail for Van Diemen's Land. The escaping convicts cut loose a boat from the Ocean and succeed in getting to shore where two were recaptured, one of whom (Charles Shaw) was shot and seriously wounded. Their first intention was to head north to Sydney so they followed the bay to the mouth of the Yarra River where their scarce provisions ran out. They then tried heading inland for a way but before long the party separated. One of them (Daniel M'Allender) headed back to Sorrento and arrived in time to be taken on board the Ocean. William Buckley decided to return to the beach alone and continued to follow the bay round to the opposite head in the hope of seeing and signalling to the Ocean, but by this time it had left. Buckley lived with the aborigines in the area for 32 years and was next seen in 1835. Buckley's improbable survival is believed by many Australians to be the source of the vernacular phrase "Buckley's chance" (or simply Buckley's), which means "no chance", or "it's as good as impossible".[13]
When this settlement was abandoned, the Ocean, in two journeys, relocated the settlers, convicts and marines to the River Derwent (Hobart Town) in 1804.[1][2]
Ocean was released from service with His Majesty’s government after moving Collins's settlers to Hobart. She sailed to Port Jackson and was there by 26 August 1804. At Port Jackson she took on fresh provisions and then headed to China, on behalf of the owners to pick up cargo. On her journey to China, Ocean sailed to the phosphate rich Micronesian island of Banaba, then on to the Marshall Islands in November. By 20 December she was at Whampoa. A month later, on 24 January 1805, she was at Macao. Another month saw her at Malacca on 25 February. She reached Saint Helena on 1 July and The Downs on 16 September.[14]
Further details of Captain John Mertho or the fate of the Ocean are not known.[3]
The voyage to Australia is well documented in a number of sources.[15]
After having left Australia, Captain John Mertho and the Ocean are sometimes credited with the official European discovery of Banaba. [21][22] Most sources credit the discovery to Captain Jared Gardner of the American vessel Diana on 3 January 1801.[23]
Ocean was a sailing ship built in 1808 at Whitby, England.
Under the command of Samuel Remmington she sailed from Spithead, England, on 21 August 1817, and arrived at Port Jackson on 10 January 1818. She transported 180 male convicts, none of whom died on the voyage.
Ocean left Port Jackson on 15 February bound for Batavia.
Under the command of William Harrison, Ocean sailed from Portsmouth on 24 April 1823, and arrived at Port Jackson on 27 August 1823. She transported 173 male convicts, six of whom died on the voyage.
Ocean left Port Jackson in February 1824 bound for London. While en route she encountered a large gale and she lost her live stock overboard. She also rescued the crew of the whaler Arab, before Arab sank. Ocean went to Saint Helena to undertake repairs and buy provisions. She arrived in London in 1825.
Ocean was an East Indiaman, launched in 1800, that made four trips for the Honourable East India Company. She is most famous for her participation, in 1803, in the battle of Pulo Aura. She foundered in 1811 while on her fifth trip.
Captain Andrew Patton sailed Ocean for Bombay and China. He had been captain of the company's previous Ocean, which had wrecked in 1797. Because the French Revolutionary Wars were still on going, Patton received a letter of marque, which was dated 10 December 1800.
Ocean left Portsmouth on 9 January 1801 and reached on 22 May. From there she sailed for China. She reached Whampoa on 6 October. On the return leg she crossed the Second Bar on 7 December. She arrived at Saint Helena on 12 April 1802, and The Downs on 10 June.
On Ocean's second voyage, Patton was again her captain and he left The Downs on 13 October 1802 for the Cape of Good Hope, Madras, Bombay and China. After the resumption of war with France in 1803, Patton posthumously received a new letter of marque dated 1 July 1803 for the same vessel, with a crew of 140 men and 36 guns. Patton died at Bombay in June 1803; Ocean's first lieutenant, John Christian Lochner, became captain and it was he that commanded her at the battle of Pulo Aura. Ocean reached Britain on 15 August 1804.
"Ocean" (stylized as "OCEAN") is the 37th Japanese single by South Korean pop duo Tohoshinki. It was released on June 12, 2013 by Avex Trax as the first single from their seventh Japanese studio album, Tree (2014). Written and produced by Shinjiroh Inoue, "Ocean" was released in three editions – a CD+DVD version, a CD-only version, and a Bigeast Board edition.
The single sold 88,428 copies on its first day of release, and 116,782 copies by its second, breaking a new record for the group. "Ocean" landed at number two on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart by selling 140,872 copies, and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ). Charting for over nine months, "Ocean" has reported sales of 159,163 according to the Oricon.
"Ocean" was used as the June monthly theme song for five different Japanese variety shows, which include the daytime show PON!, the music show Music Dragon (ミュージックドラゴン), the game show Sore Ike! Game Panther! (それいけ!ゲームパンサー!), and Futtonda (フットンダ). The B-side track "Wedding Dress", written by Shirose and Shimada of White Jam, was used as the theme song for BeeTV's mobile drama, The Greatest Proposal (最上のプロポーズ).