-ose

The suffix -ose is used in biochemistry to form the names of sugars. This Latin suffix means "full of", "abounding in", "given to", or "like". Numerous systems exist to name specific sugars more descriptively.

Monosaccharides, the simplest sugars, may be named according to the number of carbon atoms in each molecule of the sugar: pentose is a five-carbon monosaccharide, and hexose is a six-carbon monosaccharide. Aldehyde monosaccharides may be called aldoses; ketone monosaccharides may be called ketoses.

Larger sugars such as disaccharides and polysaccharides can be named to reflect their qualities. Lactose, a disaccharide found in milk, gets its name from the Latin word for milk combined with the sugar suffix; its name means "milk sugar". The polysaccharide that makes up plant starch is named amylose, or "starch sugar"; see amyl.

There are these theories about the origin of the -ose suffix:-

  • Extracted from glucose, an important hexose whose name came from Greek γλυκύς = "sweet".
  • Extracted from sucrose, whose name came from Latin sucrum = "sugar" plus the common Latin adjective-forming suffix -ōsus; Latin sucrosus would mean "sugary".
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    This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/-ose

    Ose

    Ose may refer to:

  • Ose (demon)
  • Ose, (Osei Kofi Tutu I), King of the Ashanti Empire
  • Ōse, Ehime, a former village in Japan
  • Ose, Nigeria, a Local Government Area of Ondo State
  • Ose, Norway, a location in Setesdal
  • Ose, Poland
  • Ose, Skye, a settlement in Scotland
  • -ose, a suffix used in chemistry to indicate a sugar

    • OSE may stand for:

  • Œuvre de secours aux enfants, a French Jewish humanitarian organization active during World War II
  • Obras Sanitarias del Estado, a state-owned Uruguayan water utilities company
  • Office Server Extensions for Microsoft Servers
  • Old St. Edwardian, a person who attended St Edward's School, Oxford
  • OMA Service Environment
  • Open source ecology, a movement aiming at the collaborative development of tools
  • OPENSTEP Enterprise, NeXT's offering of the OpenStep platform for Microsoft Windows
  • Open System Environment, a reference model for Enterprise Architecture
  • Operating System Embedded, a real-time operating system created by ENEA
  • Order of Saint Elisabeth
  • Order of the Star in the East
  • Organismós Sidirodrómon Elládos, Hellenic Railways Organisation, the state-owned railway company of Greece
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    This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Ose

    Sugar

    Sugar is the generalized name for sweet, short-chain, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. They are carbohydrates, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. There are various types of sugar derived from different sources. Simple sugars are called monosaccharides and include glucose (also known as dextrose), fructose and galactose. The table or granulated sugar most customarily used as food is sucrose, a disaccharide. (In the body, sucrose hydrolyses into fructose and glucose.) Other disaccharides include maltose and lactose. Longer chains of sugars are called oligosaccharides. Chemically-different substances may also have a sweet taste, but are not classified as sugars. Some are used as lower-calorie food substitutes for sugar described as artificial sweeteners.

    Sugars are found in the tissues of most plants, but are present in sufficient concentrations for efficient extraction only in sugarcane and sugar beet. Sugarcane refers to any of several species of giant grass in the genus Saccharum that have been cultivated in tropical climates in South Asia and Southeast Asia since ancient times. A great expansion in its production took place in the 18th century with the establishment of sugar plantations in the West Indies and Americas. This was the first time that sugar became available to the common people, who had previously had to rely on honey to sweeten foods. Sugar beet, a cultivated variety of Beta vulgaris, is grown as a root crop in cooler climates and became a major source of sugar in the 19th century when methods for extracting the sugar became available. Sugar production and trade have changed the course of human history in many ways, influencing the formation of colonies, the perpetuation of slavery, the transition to indentured labour, the migration of peoples, wars between sugar-trade–controlling nations in the 19th century, and the ethnic composition and political structure of the New World.

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    This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Sugar

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    Off with your head
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