Nea-Nidelvvassdraget

Nea-Nidelvvassdraget is a watercourse in the municipalities of Tydal, Selbu, Klæbu, and Trondheim in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The total area of the watershed is 3,100 square kilometres (1,200 sq mi) and it runs for about 160 kilometres (99 mi) from the source in the Sylan mountains to its mouth in the Trondheimsfjorden. Trondheim Energiverk has fourteen power stations along the water course which are highly regulated, with a total production (in 2004) of 2,581 gigawatt-hours (9,290 TJ). Development of the area had already begun in 1890 with the development of the Øvre Leirfoss power station.

Important rivers in the Nea-Nidelvvassdraget watercourse are the Nidelva, Nea, Rotla, Lødølja, and Tya. Amongst the biggest lakes are Sylsjön, Nesjøen, Stugusjøen, Finnkoisjøen, and Selbusjøen.

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Coordinates: 63°13′50″N 10°53′22″E / 63.2306°N 10.8895°E / 63.2306; 10.8895

Nidelva

Nidelva (or Nidelven) is a river in the county Sør-Trøndelag, Norway. Elva or Elven is Norwegian for 'the river', so the name translates to "The River Nid".

Location

Nidelva starts at the Hyttfossen waterfall which rises from Bjørsjøen, a small lake located just below Selbusjøen, the largest lake in Sør-Trøndelag County. Nidelva runs via Tiller and at the end through the city of Trondheim before reaching the Trondheimsfjord by the island of Brattøra near Trondheim Central Station. Nidelva is at its deepest at Trongfossen, a deep ravine in the village of Klæbu. There are six hydro-electric power stations along the river. The tributary river that empties into Selbusjøen is called Nea. Nidelva forms the last part of the Nea-Nidelv watershed.

Nidelven has its very own song, Nidelven Stille og Vakker du er ("Nidelven [how] Still and Beautiful you are"). The popular waltz was written by Norwegian composer Oskar Hoddø (1916–1943). According to tradition, Hoddø wrote the waltz about the Nidelva River one night in late April 1940 while he was standing at Gamle Bybro in Trondheim.

NEA

NEA or nea may refer to:

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Nea River

The Nea River (Southern Sami: Ganka, Swedish: Nean) is an 80-kilometre (50 mi) long river which has runs through the municipalities of Tydal and Selbu in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway and Åre Municipality in Sweden. The river Nea is a part of the Nea-Nidelvvassdraget watershed. Some of the main villages along the river include: Østby, Ås, Aunet, and Gressli in Tydal and Flora, Hyttbakken, Selbu, and Mebonden in Selbu.

The river is first named Nean at the eastern end of the artificial lake Sylsjön, which lies in Åre Municipality and Berg Municipality, Sweden. Below the dam, the river flows for 6 kilometres (3.7 mi), crossing the Swedish-Norwegian border where the name becomes Nea, before entering the lake Nesjøen. On the downstream side of the lake, the river continues through the smaller lake Vessingsjøen before continuing on its westward course. At the municipal center of Ås the river Tya joins it. After that, it follows the Tydalen valley and meets the river Rotla about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of Mebonden where it ends when it flows into the lake Selbusjøen.

NEA Four

The "NEA Four", Karen Finley, Tim Miller, John Fleck, and Holly Hughes, were performance artists whose proposed grants from the United States government's National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) were vetoed by John Frohnmayer in June 1990. Grants were overtly vetoed on the basis of subject matter after the artists had successfully passed through a peer review process. John Fleck was vetoed for a performance comedy with a toilet prop. The artists won their case in court in 1993 and were awarded amounts equal to the grant money in question, though the case would make its way to the United States Supreme Court in National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley. In response, the NEA, under pressure from Congress, stopped funding individual artists.

Lead up to the controversy

History of the Peer Review Process within the NEA

The NEA has used peer review panels since 1966 (one year after its inception). The NEA's Founding Chairperson Roger L. Stevens did not want to use panels, preferring that staff members review applications. Due to the increase of funds and applications Stevens turned to peer review panels. Nancy Hanks (the next chairperson appointed by President Richard M. Nixon in 1969) expanded panels and created a list of three criteria: appointments must be merit based; appointees must serve the panel as individuals, and may not make decisions based on any particular interest group, institution or viewpoint; the panels must be insulated from external pressures. The last criteria became more difficult to enforce as the budget of the NEA grew, and public interest in how the money was spent mounted.