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| Naupactus Ναύπακτος |
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 Naupactus; view from the fortress. |
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| Location | |
 Naupactus
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| Coordinates | 38°23′N 21°49′E / 38.383°N 21.817°ECoordinates: 38°23′N 21°49′E / 38.383°N 21.817°E |
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Location within the regional unit
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| Government | |
| Country: | Greece |
| Region: | West Greece |
| Regional unit: | Aetolia-Acarnania |
| Municipality: | Nafpaktia |
| Population statistics (as of 2001) | |
| Municipal unit | |
| - Population: | 18,231 |
| - Area: | 159.9 km2 (62 sq mi) |
| - Density: | 114 /km2 (295 /sq mi) |
| Community | |
| - Population: | 12,924 |
| Other | |
| Time zone: | EET/EEST (UTC+2/3) |
| Elevation (min-max): | 0–3 m (0–10 ft) |
| Postal code: | 303 xx |
| Telephone: | 26340 |
| Auto: | ME |
| Website | |
| www.nafpaktos.gr | |
Naupactus or Nafpaktos (Greek: Ναύπακτος, rarely Έπαχτος; Latin: Naupactus; Italian: Lepanto), is a town and a former municipality in Aetolia-Acarnania, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Nafpaktia, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit.[1] It is the second largest town of Aetolia-Acarnania (after Agrinio). The city is a titular see of the Roman Catholic church.[2]
Naupactus is situated on a bay on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, 3 km west of the mouth of the river Mornos. The scenic harbour is accessible only to the smallest craft. It is 9 km northeast of Antirrio, 18 km northeast of Patras, 35 km east of Missolonghi and 45 km southeast of Agrinio. The Greek National Road 48/E65 (Antirrio - Naupactus - Delphi - Livadeia) passes north of the town.
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History [link]
The origin of Naupactus comes from the Greek words ναύς naus ship, boat and πηγνύειν pêgnuein, pêgnyein to fasten together, build. In Greek legend it appears as the place where the Heraclidae built a fleet to invade the Peloponnesus. Whatever the historical validity of this legend, it - together with the above-mentioned meaning of its name - indicates a long-standing reputation as a major shipbuilding place.
In historical times it belonged to the Ozolian Locrians; but about 455 BC, in spite of a partial resettlement with Locrians of Opus, it fell to the Athenians, who peopled it with Messenian refugees and made it their chief naval station in western Greece during the Peloponnesian war. Two major battles were fought at this location. In 404 it was restored to the Locrians, who subsequently lost it to the Achaeans, but recovered it through Epaminondas.
Philip II of Macedon gave Naupactus to the Aetolians, who held it till 191 BC, when after an obstinate siege it was surrendered to the Romans. It was still flourishing about 170, but in Justinian I's reign was destroyed by an earthquake. It was again destroyed by earthquakes in 553 and in the 8th century and so on. From the late 9th century, it was capital of the Byzantine thema of Nicopolis.
In the late Middle Ages it was part of the Despotate of Epirus and for a short period part of the Despotates of Angelokastron (1358–1374) and of Arta (1374–1401)[3][4] Afterwards it fell into the hands of the Venetians, who fortified it so strongly that in 1477 it successfully resisted a four month long siege by a Turkish army thirty thousand strong; in 1499, however, it was rumoured to have been sold by the Venetians to the Ottoman Sultan Beyazid II. Under the Ottomans, Naupactos was known as İnebahtı and was the seat of a Turkish sanjak. The mouth of the Gulf of Lepanto was the scene of the great sea battle in which the naval power of the Ottoman Empire was nearly completely destroyed by the united Papal, Spanish, Habsburg and Venetian forces (Battle of Lepanto, October 7, 1571). In 1687 it was recaptured by the Venetians, but was again restored in 1699, by the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Ottomans. As a result of the Greek War of Independence it became Greek once more (March 1829).
Naupactos suffered damage from the 2007 Greek forest fires.
Residents [link]
Today the population is about 18,000 people. Residential homes align with the Gulf of Corinth over a length of about 3 km and a width of about 1 km. The port divides the beachfront in two parts. The Western part is called Psani, while the Eastern part Gribovo. Both beachfronts provide the backdrop for a nice promenade while a wide range of restaurants and cafes can also be found. Naupactus sits on a shoulder of a mountain range on the north while farmlands dominate the western part. The climate is one of the best in Greece. It used to be passed by GR-48/E65 linking Antirrio and Amfissa now it is bypassed to the north at the elevation of 150 to 200 m above sea level. The bypass has contributed significantly in lowering the number of heavy trucks passing through the narrow streets of the town.
Notable people [link]
- Agelaus (3rd century BC), politician
- Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas (1893–1987), lawyer, politician and former Prime Minister of Greece
- Metropolitan Hierotheos (Vlachos) of Nafpaktos (1945-), metropolitan of Nafpaktos and Agios Vlasios
Landmarks [link]
- The port and castle provide the main attraction for the town. Shops, cafes and bars dot the immediate area, while a cafe is also located within the castle walls
- The port also includes monuments commemorating the Battle of Lepanto (1571), and there is also a statue of the famous writer Miguel de Cervantes, sculpted by Mallorcan artist Jaume Mir.
- A small water park is located just past the western portion of the beach near Psani
- Nafpaktos is also home to a local museum and also offers visitors a look back to its recent and ancient past with historic sites also marked off within the town providing insight to its Classical era
Subdivisions [link]
The municipal unit Naupactus is subdivided into the following communities (constituent villages in brackets):
- Afroxylia (Ano Afroxylia, Kato Afroxylia)
- Dafni (Dafni, Kato Dafni)
- Lygias
- Mamoulada (Kato Mamoulada, Mamoulada)
- Nafpaktos
- Neokastro (Neokastro, Paliampela)
- Palaiochoraki (Palaiochoraki, Mikro Palaiochoraki)
- Pitsinaiika (Pitsinaiika, Kastraki, Sykia)
- Riganio (Riganio, Diasello, Poros)
- Skala
- Velvina
- Vlachomandra (Vlachomandra, Gefyra Bania, Sfikaaika)
- Vomvokou (Vomvokou, Agios Vasileios, Lefka Vomvokous, Marmara)
- Xiropigado
Nearest places [link]
- Antirrio (west)
- Katafygio (Katafigio): One of the traditional villages in Orini Nafpaktia (mountainous Nafpaktia).
- Ano chora (north): One of the traditional villages of Orini Nafpaktia
- Kentriki (north): One of the traditional villages of Orini Nafpaktia
- Aspria (north): One of the traditional villages of Orini Nafpaktia
- Chomori: One of the traditional villages of Orini Nafpaktia
- Skala: Village found in the hills minutes from the town centre; overlooks the town itself
- Skaloma: One of the more picturesque villages found minutes outside the town; one of the more beautiful beaches in the area
- Hiliadou: Part of the strip of beachside villages outside of Nafpaktos (Hiliadou-Monastiraki-Skaloma); sandy beach makes it a popular destination for residents of Nafpaktos and tourists
- Klepa: One of the villages in Orini Nafpaktia
- Platanos
Historical population [link]
| Year | Town population | Municipality population |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 9,012 | - |
| 1991 | 10,854 | 15,045 |
| 2001 | 12,924 | 18,231 |
Media [link]
Television [link]
Photo gallery [link]
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View from the fortress.
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View from the port, towards the fortress.
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Statue of Miguel de Cervantes at the port (he took part at the Battle of Lepanto).
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View of the old harbour.
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Naupactus seawall.jpg
Fortifications along the sea wall
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Naupactus plateia.jpg
View from the town square.
Twin cities [link]
Sports Teams [link]
See also [link]
References [link]
- ^ Kallikratis law Greece Ministry of Interior (Greek)
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"Lepanto". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913. - ^ John V.A. Fine Jr., The Late Medieval Balkans, Ann Arbor, 1987.
- ^ The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, 1991.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
External links [link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Nafpaktos |
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Thermo | Pyllini | |
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| Makryneia, Chalkeia |
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Efpalio | ||
 Naupactus East |
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| Antirrio | Gulf of Corinth |
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https://wn.com/Naupactus
Naupactus (genus)
Naupactus is a genus of beetles in the weevil family Curculionidae, the true weevils. They are known commonly as whitefringed beetles. Many species of the genus are considered pests, both as larvae and as adults. The genus is native to the Americas, where it is distributed from Mexico to Argentina; the highest species diversity is in Brazil. Several species have been introduced to the United States and New Zealand.
Some Naupactus have fully developed wings, while others have rudimentary or absent wings and are flightless. The females have flexible ovipositors with which they deposit eggs in cracks and crevices, in soil, between leaves, and beneath the sepals on fruits. The larvae emerge in the soil or fall into it upon emergence. There they feed on the roots. In citrus, for example, they physically damage the roots but more significant injury occurs when pathogens such as Phytophthora enter through the wounds. The length of the larval stage varies depending on species, temperature, and nutrients available. The adults feed on foliage.
