Indigenous peoples

Indigenous peoples are those groups protected in international or national legislation as having a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory, their cultural and historical distinctiveness from other populations. The legislation is based on the conclusion that certain indigenous people are vulnerable to exploitation, marginalization and oppression by nation states formed from colonising populations or by politically dominant, different ethnic groups.

A special set of political rights in accordance with international law have been set forth by international organizations such as the United Nations, the International Labour Organization and the World Bank. The United Nations has issued a Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to guide member-state national policies to collective rights of indigenous people—such as culture, identity, language, and access to employment, health, education, and natural resources. Estimates put the total population of indigenous peoples from 220 million to 350 million.

Primitive (philately)

In philately, primitives, also called natives, are postage stamps that were crudely designed and printed as compared with the sophisticated productions of industrialized countries such as the United Kingdom or the United States. A number of such stamps were produced in the classic stamp period in remote or undeveloped locales such as Mauritius. Due to their charm and sometimes rarity, primitives are among the most popular stamps with stamp collectors.

Several well known primitives copied the designs of standard postage stamps of major countries. For example, the early stamps of Mauritius were crude, locally produced copies of the then current postage stamps of the United Kingdom. Similarly, the stamps of Corrientes, a province in northern Argentina, were inept imitations of earlier stamps of France, depicting the agricultural goddess Ceres. Other primitives are of their own unique design.

Other primitives include the following:

Natives (Éditions)

Natives (Natives Éditions or Natives Communications) is a French publisher founded in 1996. It is specialised in Art publishing (contemporary photography, painting) and record production.

Since its creation, Natives has accompanied talented international artists (visual artists and musicians) in their creative activity all over the world, from Paris to New-York, from Russia to Hong Kong, from Egypt to Botswana. Natives follows them from concerts to CDs, from exhibitions to books.

Furthermore, Natives produces international musicological publishing.

Principals artistes

External links

Notes and References