National Front (France)

The National Front (French: Front National, French pronunciation: ​[fʁɔ̃ na.sjɔ.nal], FN), is a socially conservative, nationalist political party in France. Its major policies include economic protectionism, a zero tolerance approach to law and order issues, and opposition to immigration. A eurosceptic party, the FN has opposed the European Union since its creation in 1993. Most political commentators place the FN on the right to far right but party representatives reject this and suggest other ways of looking at the left–right axis. The party was founded in 1972 to unify a variety of French nationalist movements of the time. Jean-Marie Le Pen was the party's first leader and the undisputed centre of the party from its start until his resignation in 2011. Marine Le Pen, his daughter, was elected as the current leader. While the party struggled as a marginal force for its first ten years, since 1984 it has been the major force of French nationalism.

The 2002 presidential election was the first in France to include a National Front candidate in the run-off, after Jean-Marie Le Pen beat the Socialist candidate in the first round. In the run-off, he finished a distant second to Jacques Chirac. Due to the French electoral system, the party's representation in public office has been limited, despite its significant share of the vote.

National Front (Spain, 2006)

The National Front (Spanish: Frente Nacional) was a Spanish political party founded by José Fernando Cantalapiedra in 2006.

In June 2006, Cantalapiedra registered a new Frente Nacional with the Interior Ministry's Register of Political Parties. It shares a name with an unrelated political party founded by Blas Piñar, which existed between 1985 and 1993. Similar to the previous party of the same name, the new National Front goes by the initials, FRN. The new National Front party claims to stand for political and social reform, with similar messages to the National Democracy party.

On 28 October 2007, 500 people turned out to a National Front demonstration at the monument of Christopher Columbus, in Madrid. Later that year, on 11 November, the party held a demonstration in Madrid calling for employers to have the right to implement "Spaniards first" policies in regards to their workforces, and to demand a tougher stance on crime which the party believes is contributed to by mass immigration and illegal immigration. Since that time, the FRN has hosted various regional presentations. The FRN hoped to win seats in the European Parliament election, 2009 but was unsuccessful.

National Front (Italy, 1990)

The National Front (Fronte Nazionale, FN) was a neo-fascist political party in Italy.

It was founded in 1990 by Franco Freda and adopted a policy against 'racial mixing' and immigration, whilst also opposing Zionism, what it called 'cosmo-politics', and the influence of the United States and international finance. The group published an economic journal L'antibancor, as well as Rubric, a members' bulletin. It became moribund after the 1995 conviction of Freda and 49 other members of the party under the Scelba Law which banned the refoundation of the National Fascist Party.

References

National Front (UK)

The National Front (NF) is a British far-right political party for whites only, opposed to non-white immigration, and committed to a programme of repatriation. While denying accusations of fascism, it has cultivated links with neo-Nazi cells at home and abroad, and the British police and prison services forbid their employees to be members of the party.

The NF was founded in 1967. By 1976, it had up to 14,000 paying members, and won nearly 20% of that year's local election votes in Leicester. In the 1979 general election, the NF fielded 303 candidates, polling 191,719 votes. In 2010, it put up 17 candidates for the general election and 18 candidates for the local elections, but none were elected.

The party has never won a seat in Parliament, and its few council seats have only been obtained through defection and appointment.

Policies

The National Front has been described as fascist and neo-fascist in its policies. In his book, The New Fascists, Wilkinson, comparing the NF to the Italian Social Movement (MSI), comments on its neo-fascist nature and neo-Nazi ideals:

France

France (French: [fʁɑ̃s]), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a sovereign state comprising territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European part of France, called metropolitan France, extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. France spans 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) and has a total population of 66.6 million. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. The Constitution of France establishes the state as secular and democratic, with its sovereignty derived from the people.

During the Iron Age, what is now Metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people. The Gauls were conquered in 51 BC by the Roman Empire, which held Gaul until 486. The Gallo-Romans faced raids and migration from the Germanic Franks, who dominated the region for hundreds of years, eventually creating the medieval Kingdom of France. France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages, with its victory in the Hundred Years' War (1337 to 1453) strengthening French state-building and paving the way for a future centralized absolute monarchy. During the Renaissance, France experienced a vast cultural development and established the beginning of a global colonial empire. The 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars between Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots).

France (disambiguation)

France is a country in Europe.

France may also refer to:

Transport

Radio

Film and television

France (European Parliament constituency)

In European elections, France was a constituency of the European Parliament. It was replaced by subdivided constituencies in 2004. The boundaries of this constituency were the same as the member state of France. Its MEPs can be found in MEPs representing the French constituencies before 2004

Results

1979

1984

1989

1994

1999

External links