NPP

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New Patriotic Party

The New Patriotic Party (NPP) is a liberal democratic and liberal conservative party, and one of the two dominant parties in Ghana politics. The party is center-right, its leading rival being the National Democratic Congress (NDC; formerly the Provisional National Defence Council, PNDC). The New Patriotic Party supplied former president John Agyekum Kufuor. At the elections, held on 7 December 2004, the party won 129 out of 230 seats. The NPP candidate was John Kufuor, who was re-elected president with 52.75% of the vote. The New Patriotic Party symbol is the African elephant and the New Patriotic Party colors are red, white, and blue.

In Ghana general election, 2008, the New Patriotic Party candidate Nana Akufo-Addo conceded to losing in the closely contested presidential election runoff amidst accusations of vote rigging, with Akufo-Addo receiving 49.77% of the votes, versus 50.23% for John Atta Mills, the NDC candidate. In the Ghana general election, 2012, the New Patriotic Party faced a similar situation from vote results provided by the Electoral Commission of Ghana (ECG). Nana Akuffo-Addo received 47.74% of the vote, while PNDC/NDC John Mahama received 50.7% amidst accusations of electoral fraud.

VVER

The Water-Water Energetic Reactor (VVER), or WWER (from Russian: Водо-водяной энергетический реактор; transliterates as Vodo-Vodyanoi Energetichesky Reaktor; Water-Water Power Reactor) is a series of pressurised water reactor designs originally developed in the Soviet Union, and now Russia, by OKB Gidropress. Power output ranges from 300 MWe to 1700 MWe with the latest Russian development of the design. VVER power stations are or will be used by Argentina, Armenia, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bulgaria, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Finland, Jordan, Hungary, India, Iran, Slovakia, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia and Vietnam.

History

The earliest VVERs were built before 1970. The VVER-440 Model V230 was the most common design, delivering 440 MW of electrical power. The V230 employs six primary coolant loops each with a horizontal steam generator. A modified version of VVER-440, Model V213, was a product of the first nuclear safety standards adopted by Soviet designers. This model includes added emergency core cooling and auxiliary feedwater systems as well as upgraded accident localization systems.