NPM

NPM may stand for:

NPM3

Nucleoplasmin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPM3 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is related to the nuclear chaperone phosphoproteins, nucleoplasmin and nucleophosmin. It is highly homologous to the murine Npm3 gene. Based on the structural similarity of the human NPM3 gene product to nucleoplasmin and nucleophosmin, NPM3 may represent a new member of this gene family, and may share basic functions with the molecular chaperones.

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NPM1

Nucleophosmin (NPM), also known as nucleolar phosphoprotein B23 or numatrin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPM1 gene.

Function

NPM1 is associated with nucleolar ribonucleoprotein structures and bind single-stranded and double-stranded nucleic acids, but it binds preferentially G-Quadruplex forming nucleic acids. It is involved in the biogenesis of ribosomes and may assist small basic proteins in their transport to the nucleolus. Its regulation through SUMOylation (by SENP3 and SENP5) is another facet of the proteins's regulation and cellular functions.

It is located in the nucleolus, but it can be translocated to the nucleoplasm in case of serum starvation or treatment with anticancer drugs. The protein is phosphorylated.

Nucleophosmin has multiple functions: