This article is about a wife of Socrates. For one of the figures in Greek mythology, see Myrto (mythology).
Socrates and his two wives. Painting by Reyer van Blommendael

Myrto (Greek: Μυρτώ; 5th-century BC) was, according to some accounts, a wife of Socrates.

The original source for the claim that she was Socrates' wife appears to have been a work by Aristotle called On Being Well-Born,[1][2][3] although Plutarch expresses doubt that the work is genuine. She was apparently the daughter,[3] or, more probably, the granddaughter of Aristides.[2]

Although Diogenes Laërtius describes Myrto as Socrates' second wife living alongside Xanthippe, Myrto was presumably a common-law wife,[4] and Plutarch describes Myrto as merely living "together with the sage Socrates, who had another woman but took up this one as she remained a widow due to her poverty and lacked the necessities of life."[2] Athenaeus and Diogenes Laërtius report that Hieronymus of Rhodes attempted to confirm the story by pointing to a temporary decree the Athenians passed:

For they say that the Athenians were short of men and, wishing to increase the population, passed a decree permitting a citizen to marry one Athenian woman and have children by another; and that Socrates accordingly did so.
—Diogenes Laërtius, ii. 26

Neither Plato nor Xenophon mention Myrto, and not everyone in ancient times believed the story: according to Athenaeus, Panaetius "refuted those who talk about the wives of Socrates."[1]

Notes [link]

  1. ^ a b Athenaeus, xiii. 555D-556A
  2. ^ a b c Plutarch, Aristides, xxvii. 3-4
  3. ^ a b Diogenes Laërtius, ii. 26
  4. ^ Luis E. Navia, (1985), Socrates, the man and his philosophy, page 78

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Amazons

In Greek mythology, the Amazons (Greek: Ἀμαζόνες, Amazónes, singular Ἀμαζών, Amazōn) were a race of woman warriors. Herodotus reported that they were related to the Scythians (an Iranian people) and placed them in a region bordering Scythia in Sarmatia (modern territory of Ukraine). Other historiographers place them in Anatolia, or sometimes Libya.

Notable queens of the Amazons are Penthesilea, who participated in the Trojan War, and her sister Hippolyta, whose magical girdle, given to her by her father Ares, was the object of one of the labours of Hercules. Amazon warriors were often depicted in battle with Greek warriors in amazonomachies in classical art.

The Amazons have become associated with many historical people throughout the Roman Empire period and Late Antiquity. In Roman historiography, there are various accounts of Amazon raids in Anatolia. From the early modern period, their name has become a term for female warriors in general. Amazons were said to have founded the cities and temples of Smyrna, Sinope, Cyme, Gryne, Ephesus, Pitania, Magnesia, Clete, Pygela, Latoreria and Amastris; according to legend, the Amazons also invented the cavalry.

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Myrto (mythology)

In Greek mythology, the name Myrto (Μυρτώ) may refer to one of the following characters:

  • Myrto, one of the Maenads.
  • Myrto, a possible eponym for the Myrtoan Sea.
  • Myrto, an Amazon and one of the possible mothers of Myrtilus by Hermes.
  • Myrto, daughter of Menoitios of Opus, sister to Patroclus. She had a daughter Eucleia by Heracles.

    • References

    Sources

  • Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, Band XVI, Halbband 31, Molatzes-Myssi (1933), s. 1167 (in German)


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