Irkutsk Time

Irkutsk Time (IRKST) is a time zone in Russia which is eight hours ahead of UTC, and five hours ahead of Moscow Time (MSK).

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Neural cell adhesion molecule

Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), also called CD56, is a homophilic binding glycoprotein expressed on the surface of neurons, glia, skeletal muscle and natural killer cells. NCAM has been implicated as having a role in cell–cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory.

Forms, domains and homophilic binding

NCAM is a glycoprotein of Immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. At least 27 alternatively spliced NCAM mRNAs are produced, giving a wide diversity of NCAM isoforms. The three main isoforms of NCAM vary only in their cytoplasmic domain:

The extracellular domain of NCAM consists of five immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains followed by two fibronectin type III (FNIII) domains. The different domains of NCAM have been shown to have different roles, with the Ig domains being involved in homophilic binding to NCAM, and the FNIII domains being involved signaling leading to neurite outgrowth.

Kamchatka Time

Kamchatka Time (Russian: Камчатское время, Kamchatskoye vremya) or PETT, is a time zone in Russia, named after the Kamchatka Peninsula. It is 12 hours ahead of UTC (UTC+12) and 9 hours ahead of Moscow Time (MSK+9). This time zone is used in the two easternmost regions of Russia after October 2014 and was also used before the time zone reform of 2010.

Kamchatka Summer Time (PETST) corresponds to UTC+13, but still 9 hours ahead of Moscow (MSD+9).

On March 28, 2010, while most regions of Russia switched to Summer Time moving the clocks one hour forward, the two Russian regions using Kamchatka Time, Kamchatka Krai and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, retained UTC+12, effectively joining Magadan Summer Time. This change was reversed on 26 October 2014.

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Minimal music

Minimal music is a form of art music that employs limited or minimal musical materials. In the Western art music tradition the American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass are credited with being among the first to develop compositional techniques that exploit a minimal approach. It originated in the New York Downtown scene of the 1960s and was initially viewed as a form of experimental music called the New York Hypnotic School. As an aesthetic, it is marked by a non-narrative, non-teleological, and non-representational conception of a work in progress, and represents a new approach to the activity of listening to music by focusing on the internal processes of the music, which lack goals or motion toward those goals. Prominent features of the technique include consonant harmony, steady pulse (if not immobile drones), stasis or gradual transformation, and often reiteration of musical phrases or smaller units such as figures, motifs, and cells. It may include features such as additive process and phase shifting which leads to what has been termed phase music. Minimal compositions that rely heavily on process techniques that follow strict rules are usually described using the term process music.

Minimal (supermarket)

The brand Minimal (written miniMAL in official usage) was used for a former chain of full-service supermarkets that was operated in Germany and Poland by Rewe Group until 2006.

History

The first Minimal store was opened in 1973 by the Bad Homburg-based Leibbrand Group. The group, which also owned other retail chains such as HL-Markt, Penny Markt or toom, initially sold 50% of its assets to Rewe in 1974 and was bought out completely in 1989. The Minimal stores at first had a floor size of 800 to 1000 square metres, which was a considerable size at the time. Later stores had sales floors between 1200 and 1500 square metres. In 1990, the until-then West German chain expanded into the former GDR states; the first Minimal store in the East was opened in 1990 in Wanzleben in Saxony-Anhalt.

During the years 2004 and 2005, Rewe converted most of its small-footprint chains (such as HL Deutscher Supermarkt, Stüssgen, Kafu and Otto Mess) into Minimal stores. Since them, the name Minimal did not only encompass the larger branches, but also small stores with a floor size from 400 square metres. This resulted in about 1,500 supermarkets carrying the miniMAL branding.

Minimal (Dungeons & Dragons)

In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, the minimal is a type of fictional animal.

Publication history

The miniature animals first appeared in first edition Advanced Dungeons & Dragons in Dragon #66 (October 1982), including statistics for the ape, gorilla, ape, carnivorous, baboon, badger, bear, black, bear, brown, bear, cave, boar, wild, boar, warthog, buffalo, bull, camel, wild, dog, war, elephant, Asian, elephant, African, hippopotamus, horse, wild, hyena, jaguar, leopard, lion, lion, mountain, lynx, mammoth, rhinoceros, stag, tiger, and wolf. They were reprinted as the minimals in the first edition Monster Manual II (1983).

The same set of minimals appeared in second edition in the Monstrous Compendium Volume Two (1989).

Description

The minimal (a contraction of "miniature animal") is a magically reduced version of a normal animal.

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