Traffic flow (computer networking)
In packet switching networks, traffic flow, packet flow or network flow is a sequence of packets from a source computer to a destination, which may be another host, a multicast group, or a broadcast domain. RFC 2722 defines traffic flow as "an artificial logical equivalent to a call or connection."RFC 3697 defines traffic flow as "a sequence of packets sent from a particular source to a particular unicast, anycast, or multicast destination that the source desires to label as a flow. A flow could consist of all packets in a specific transport connection or a media stream. However, a flow is not necessarily 1:1 mapped to a transport connection." Flow is also defined in RFC 3917 as "a set of IP packets passing an observation point in the network during a certain time interval."
Conceptual description
A flow can be uniquely identified by the following parameters within a certain time period:
Flow (mathematics)
In mathematics, a flow formalizes the idea of the motion of particles in a fluid. Flows are ubiquitous in science, including engineering and physics. The notion of flow is basic to the study of ordinary differential equations. Informally, a flow may be viewed as a continuous motion of points over time. More formally, a flow is a group action of the real numbers on a set.
The idea of a vector flow, that is, the flow determined by a vector field, occurs in the areas of differential topology, Riemannian geometry and Lie groups. Specific examples of vector flows include the geodesic flow, the Hamiltonian flow, the Ricci flow, the mean curvature flow, and the Anosov flow. Flows may also be defined for systems of random variables and stochastic processes, and occur in the study of ergodic dynamical systems. The most celebrated of these is perhaps the Bernoulli flow.
Formal definition
A flow on a set X is a group action of the additive group of real numbers on X. More explicitly, a flow is a mapping
Flow (band)
Flow is a Japanese rock band, that formed in 1998 and signed on to Sony Music Japan's Ki/oon Music label. Flow is a five-piece band made up of two vocalists, a drummer, a bassist, and a guitarist. As of March 2015, the band has released 29 singles and 9 studio albums. Their songs have been used in the opening sequences of several anime series.
History
The group's base was created in 1993 when brothers Kōshi (elder: vocals, rhythm guitar) and Take (younger: lead guitar) began playing together. They formed Flow in 1998, and were eventually joined by Keigo (vocals), Gotō (bass) and Iwasaki (drums; joined in 2000). In 2001, the band released its first maxi single, "Flow #0". The group then released two mini-albums within the same year, both of which took nationwide indie charts by storm. "Okuru Kotoba", Flow's first cover single, was released in January 2003. It remained on the Oricon indie chart for seven consecutive weeks and also hit an impressive No. 6 on the overall singles chart. In the spring of that year, their first full-scale album Splash!!! debuted at No. 2. In July 2003, Flow released the single "Blaster" on a major label, Ki/oon Records. In April 2004, they released "GO!!!", which stayed on the Oricon Top 10 Chart for three weeks. In May 2004, Flow released their first major album Game.
Mon people
The Mon (Mon: မောန် or မည်; Burmese: မွန်လူမျိုး, pronounced: [mʊ̀ɴ lù mjó]; Khmer: មន, Thai: มอญ, pronounced [mɔ̄ːn]) are an ethnic group from Burma (Myanmar) living mostly in Mon State, Bago Region, the Irrawaddy Delta and along the southern border of Thailand and Burma. One of the earliest peoples to reside in Southeast Asia, the Mon were responsible for the spread of Theravada Buddhism in Indochina. The Mon were a major source of influence on the culture of Burma. They speak the Mon language, an Austroasiatic language, and share a common origin with the Nyah Kur people of Thailand from the Mon mandala (polity) of Dvaravati.
The eastern Mon assimilated to Thai culture long ago. The western Mon of Burma were largely absorbed by Bamar society but continue fighting to preserve their language and culture and to regain a greater degree of political autonomy. The Mon of Burma are divided into three sub-groups based on their ancestral region in Lower Burma: the Man Nya (မန်ည) from Pathein (the Irrawaddy Delta) in the west, the Man Duin (မန်ဒိုၚ်) in Bago in the central region, and the Man Da (မန်ဒ) at Mottama in the southeast.
Mon, Switzerland
Mon is a former municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Alvaschein, Mon, Stierva, Tiefencastel, Alvaneu, Brienz/Brinzauls and Surava merged to form the new municipality of Albula/Alvra.
History
Mon is first mentioned around 1001-1200 as de Maune. In 1281 it was mentioned as Mans. Until 1943 Mon was known as Mons.
Geography
Before the merger, Mon had a total area of 8.5 km2 (3.3 sq mi). Of this area, 36.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 58.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.9% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (2.7%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).
The municipality is located in the Alvaschein sub-district of the Albula district. It is southwest of Tiefencastel on the left hand slope of the Oberhalbstein Range.
Demographics
Mon had a population (as of 2013) of 90.As of 2008, 5.6% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 7.1%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks Rhaeto-Romance (52.3%), with German being second most common (45.3%) and Italian being third ( 1.2%).
Ulmeni, Maramureș
Ulmeni (formerly Şilimeghiu; Hungarian: Sülelmed; German: Ulmendorf) is a town in Maramureş County, northwestern Romania. It is located on the left bank of the Someş river. It was declared a town in 2004. The town administers seven villages: Arduzel (Szamosardó), Chelinţa (Kelence), Mânău (Monó), Someş-Uileac (Szilágyújlak), Tohat (Szamostóhát), Ţicău (Szamoscikó) and Vicea (Vicsa).
Demographics
In 2011, 53.6% of inhabitants were Romanians, 23.7% Hungarians and 22.5% Roma. In 2002, 69.5% were Romanian Orthodox, 23.2% Reformed, 4% Pentecostal, 1% Greek-Catholic, 0.5% Roman Catholic and 1.3% stated they belonged to another religion.
Image gallery
Arduzel wooden church
Arduzel wooden church
Someş-Uileac wooden church (Reformed)
Someş-Uileac wooden church (Reformed)
Ulmeni wooden church
Ulmeni wooden church
References
Coordinates: 47°27′56″N 23°18′01″E / 47.46556°N 23.30028°E / 47.46556; 23.30028
Axis (novel)
Axis is a science fiction novel by author Robert Charles Wilson, published in 2007. It is a direct sequel to Wilson's Hugo Award-winning Spin, published two years earlier. The novel was a finalist for the 2008 John W. Campbell Award.
Plot
Axis takes place on the new planet introduced at the end of Spin, a world the Hypotheticals engineered to support human life and connected to Earth by way of the Arch that towers hundreds of miles over the Indian Ocean. Humans are colonizing this new world — and, predictably, fiercely exploiting its resources, chiefly large deposits of oil in the western deserts of the continent of Equatoria.
Lise Adams is a young woman attempting to uncover the mystery of her father's disappearance ten years earlier. Turk Findley is an ex-sailor and sometimes-drifter. They come together when showers of cometary dust seed the planet with tiny remnant Hypothetical machines. Soon, this seemingly hospitable world becomes very alien, as the nature of time is once again twisted by entities unknown.
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