Note

Note, notes, or NOTE may refer to:

Music and entertainment

Finance

Technology and science

Notes (album)

Notes is an album by Canadian jazz pianist Paul Bley and American drummer Paul Motian recorded in 1987 and released on the Italian Soul Note label.

Reception

The Allmusic review by Eugene Chadbourne awarded the album 3 stars stating "the tracks basically having the flatness and relative lack of detail of the album's cover illustration. These performances have a lingering quality, however, certain moments eventually acquirng magic like illuminations, even though it is all mere residue under the fingers of players who seemingly can create beauty in their sleep".The Penguin Guide to Jazz said "Their interplay in the most demanding of improvisational settings is intuitive and perfectly weighted".

Track listing

Notes (2013 film)

Notes is a short romantic comedy film about a pair of roommates whose relationship developes through a series of post it notes. Notes marked the first installment of a trilogy of short films by Worrying Drake Productions. The film was also the directorial debut for John McPhail.

Plot

Adam (Tyler Collin) has just moved into a new flat with Abi (EmmaClaire Brightlyn) who is a nurse. The pair have never met and as a result of their conflicting sleep patterns the pair communicate via post it notes. What starts off as a complaint over their preferred types of coffee soon develops into flirtatious messages.

Main Cast

Release and reception

Notes was released on 7 June 2013 and was positively received by critics. Thomas Simpson of MovieScramble wrote:

The film went on to appear in many domestic and international film festivals and picked up the Best Film accolade at the Edinburgh Bootleg Film Festival, as well as the audience award at the Palme Dewar festival in Aberfeldy.

Modularity

Modularity is the degree to which a system's components may be separated and recombined. The meaning of the word, however, can vary somewhat by context:

Modularity (biology)

Modularity refers to the ability of a system to organize discrete, individual units that can overall increase the efficiency of network activity and, in a biological sense, facilitates selective forces upon the network. It has been observed in all model systems and can be studied at nearly every scale of organization (molecular interactions all the way up to the whole organism).

Evolution of Modularity

The exact evolutionary origins of biological modularity has been debated for over the past decade. In the mid 90’s, Günter Wagner argued that modularity could have arisen and been maintained through the complex interaction of four potential evolutionary modes of action:

[1] Selection for the rate of adaptation: If different complexes evolve at different rates, than those evolving more quickly reach fixation in a population faster than other complexes. Thus, common evolutionary rates could be canalizing certain proteins to evolve together while preventing other genes from being co-opted unless there is a shift in evolutionary rate.

Modularity (networks)

Modularity is one measure of the structure of networks or graphs. It was designed to measure the strength of division of a network into modules (also called groups, clusters or communities). Networks with high modularity have dense connections between the nodes within modules but sparse connections between nodes in different modules. Modularity is often used in optimization methods for detecting community structure in networks. However, it has been shown that modularity suffers a resolution limit and, therefore, it is unable to detect small communities. Biological networks, including animal brains, exhibit a high degree of modularity.

Motivation

Many scientifically important problems can be represented and empirically studied using networks. For example, biological and social patterns, the World Wide Web, metabolic networks, food webs, neural networks and pathological networks are real world problems that can be mathematically represented and topologically studied to reveal some unexpected structural features. Most of these networks possess a certain community structure that has substantial importance in building an understanding regarding the dynamics of the network. For instance, a closely connected social community will imply a faster rate of transmission of information or rumor among them than a loosely connected community. Thus, if a network is represented by a number of individual nodes connected by links which signify a certain degree of interaction between the nodes, communities are defined as groups of densely interconnected nodes that are only sparsely connected with the rest of the network. Hence, it may be imperative to identify the communities in networks since the communities may have quite different properties such as node degree, clustering coefficient, betweenness, centrality. etc., from that of the average network. Modularity is one such measure, which when maximized, leads to the appearance of communities in a given network.