Mode (statistics)

The mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data. The mode of a discrete probability distribution is the value x at which its probability mass function takes its maximum value. In other words, it is the value that is most likely to be sampled. The mode of a continuous probability distribution is the value x at which its probability density function has its maximum value, so the mode is at the peak.

Like the statistical mean and median, the mode is a way of expressing, in a single number, important information about a random variable or a population. The numerical value of the mode is the same as that of the mean and median in a normal distribution, and it may be very different in highly skewed distributions.

The mode is not necessarily unique, since the probability mass function or probability density function may take the same maximum value at several points x1, x2, etc. The most extreme case occurs in uniform distributions, where all values occur equally frequently. When a probability density function has multiple local maxima it is common to refer to all of the local maxima as modes of the distribution. Such a continuous distribution is called multimodal (as opposed to unimodal).

Statistics

Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. In applying statistics to, e.g., a scientific, industrial, or societal problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a statistical model process to be studied. Populations can be diverse topics such as "all persons living in a country" or "every atom composing a crystal". Statistics deals with all aspects of data including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments.

When census data cannot be collected, statisticians collect data by developing specific experiment designs and survey samples. Representative sampling assures that inferences and conclusions can safely extend from the sample to the population as a whole. An experimental study involves taking measurements of the system under study, manipulating the system, and then taking additional measurements using the same procedure to determine if the manipulation has modified the values of the measurements. In contrast, an observational study does not involve experimental manipulation.

Denver Dalley

Denver Collin Dalley is an American singer-songwriter based in Omaha, Nebraska. He is best known for his collaboration with Bright Eyes frontman Conor Oberst in Desaparecidos, and has been involved in various other musical projects, including Statistics, Intramural, and Two of Cups.

Career

Desaparecidos

Dalley collaborated with childhood friend Conor Oberst as main songwriter of the politically charged indie rock band Desaparecidos. The band released Read Music/Speak Spanish on Omaha-based Saddle Creek Records before going on hiatus in 2003. They reunited in 2010, performing at the Concert for Equality in Omaha on July 31, and again on July 31, 2012 at Omaha's Maha Music Festival.

Statistics

In 2003, following the temporary caesura of Desaparecidos, Dalley formed Statistics, an electronic-tinged solo project, and signed onto the Jade Tree Records label. After releasing a self-titled extended play in 2003 and two studio albums titled Leave Your Name and Often Lie in 2004 and 2005, respectively, Dalley chose to focus on other projects, effectively putting Statistics on hiatus. However, in 2013, eight years after Often Lie, Dalley released a new studio album titled Peninsula on Afternoon Records, featuring a collaboration with Minnesota-based singer-songwriter Sean Tillman (a.k.a. Har Mar Superstar). Dalley hopes to create visuals in the form of music videos for songs in Peninsula, something that he has never done in his prior musical ventures.

Statistics (disambiguation)

Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data.

Statistic may also refer to:

  • Statistic, the result of applying a statistical algorithm to a set of data
  • Statistic (role-playing games), a piece of data which represents a particular aspect of a fictional character
  • Statistics (band), an American rock band
  • Statism, a political system
  • Mode

    Mode (Latin: modus meaning "manner, tune, measure, due measure, rhythm, melody") may refer to:

    Language

  • Grammatical mode or grammatical mood, a category of verbal inflections that expresses an attitude of mind
  • Imperative mood
  • Subjunctive mood
  • Rhetorical modes, a category of discourse
  • Narrative mode, the type of method voice and point of view used to convey a narrative
  • Modes of persuasion, oratorical devices
  • Mode (literature), the general category of a literary work, e.g. the pastoral mode
  • Music

  • Mode (music), a system of musical tonality involving a type of scale coupled with a set of characteristic melodic behaviors
  • Modus (medieval music)
    • Gregorian mode, a system of modes used in Gregorian chant (as opposed to ancient Greek modes or Byzantine octoechos)
  • Mode (computer interface)

    In user interface design, a mode is a distinct setting within a computer program or any physical machine interface, in which the same user input will produce perceived different results than it would in other settings. The best-known modal interface components are probably the Caps lock and Insert keys on the standard computer keyboard, both of which put the user's typing into a different mode after being pressed, then return it to the regular mode after being re-pressed.

    An interface that uses no modes is known as a modeless interface. Modeless interfaces intend to avoid mode errors by making it impossible for the user to commit them.

    Definition

    A precise definition is given by Jef Raskin in his book The Humane Interface:

    "An human-machine interface is modal with respect to a given gesture when (1) the current state of the interface is not the user's locus of attention and (2) the interface will execute one among several different responses to the gesture, depending on the system's current state." (Page 42).

    Mode (literature)

    In literature, a mode is an employed method or approach, identifiable within a written work. As descriptive terms, form and genre are often used inaccurately instead of mode; for example, the pastoral mode is often mistakenly identified as a genre. The Writers Web site feature, A List of Important Literary Terms, defines mode thus:

    History of mode

    In his Poetics, the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle uses 'mode' in a more specific sense. Kinds of 'poetry' (the term includes drama, flute music, and lyre music for Aristotle), he writes, may be differentiated in three ways: according to their medium of imitation, according to their objects of imitation, and according to their mode or 'manner' of imitation (section I). "For the medium being the same, and the objects the same, the poet may imitate by narration—in which case he can either take another personality as Homer does, or speak in his own person, unchanged—or he may present all his characters as living and moving before us" (section III). According to this definition, 'narrative' and 'dramatic' are modes of fiction:

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