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Sound change and alternation
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In historical linguistics, metaphony is a general term for a class of sound change in which one vowel in a word is influenced by another in a process of assimilation.

Progressive metaphony, in which a vowel early in the word influences a subsequent vowel, can be distinguished from regressive metaphony, in which a vowel towards the end of the word influences a preceding vowel. (Progressive metaphony is sometimes called "left-to-right" metaphony, and regressive metaphony may be called "right-to-left" metaphony.)

Progressive metaphony is also called vowel harmony, and is discussed fully in the article under that heading. However, some linguists use the term "vowel harmony" for regressive metaphony too.

Examples of regressive metaphony are i-mutation and a-mutation. (On i-mutation in Germanic languages see also Germanic umlaut.)

See also [link]


https://wn.com/Metaphony

Metaphony (Romance languages)

In the Romance languages, metaphony was an early vowel mutation process that operated in all Romance languages to varying degrees, raising (or sometimes diphthongizing) certain stressed vowels in words with a final /i/ or /u/ or a directly following /j/. This is conceptually similar to the umlaut process so characteristic of the Germanic languages. Metaphony is most extensive in the Italo-Romance languages, and applies to nearly all languages of Italy. However, it is absent from Tuscan, and hence from standard Italian.

Italo-Romance languages

Metaphony in the southern Italian languages (those to the south of Tuscany) is triggered by final /i/ and /u/. High-mid vowels /e o/ are raised to /i u/, and low-mid vowels /ɛ ɔ/ are either raised to /e o/ or diphthongized to /je wo/. Metaphony is not triggered by final /o/. The main occurrences of final /i/ are as follows:

  • The plural of nouns in -o (< nominative plural -ī).
  • The plural of nouns in -e (either a regular development of third-declension plural -ēs, or from analogical plural -ī).
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    This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Metaphony_(Romance_languages)

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