Mens rea

Mens rea (/ˈmɛnz ˈriːə/; Latin for "guilty mind") in criminal law, is viewed as one of the necessary elements of some crimes. The standard common law test of criminal liability is usually expressed in the Latin phrase, actus reus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea, which means "the act is not culpable unless the mind is guilty". Thus, in jurisdictions with due process, there must be an actus reus, or "guilty act", accompanied by some level of mens rea to constitute the crime with which the defendant is charged (see the technical requirement of concurrence). As a general rule, criminal liability does not attach to a person who merely acted with the absence of mental fault. The exception is strict liability crimes.

In civil law, it is usually not necessary to prove a subjective mental element to establish liability for breach of contract or tort, for example. However, if a tort is intentionally committed or a contract is intentionally breached, such intent may increase the scope of liability as well as the measure of damages payable to the plaintiff.

Mens

In Roman mythology, Mens, also known as Bona Mens or Mens Bona (Latin for "Good Mind"), was the personification of thought, consciousness and the mind, and also of "right-thinking". Her festival was celebrated on June 8. A temple on the Capitoline Hill in Rome was vowed to Mens in 217 BC on advice from the Sibylline Books, and was dedicated in 215 BC.

The Latin word mens expresses the idea of "mind" and is the origin of English words like mental and dementia. The gifted-only organization Mensa International was originally to be named mens in the sense of "mind", but took instead the name Mensa (Latin: "table") to avoid ambiguity with "men's" in English and "mens" in other languages.

References

Microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator

A microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator or MENS (also microamperage electrical neuromuscular stimulator) is a device used to send weak electrical signals into the body. Such devices apply extremely small (less than 1 microampere) electrical currents to nerves using electrodes placed on the skin. One microampere (uA) is 1 millionth of an ampere and the uses of MENS are distinct from those of "TENS" which runs at one milliamp(mA) or one thousandth of an amp.

Uses

MENS uses include treatments for pain,Diabetic neuropathy, age-related macular degeneration, wound healing, tendon repair, Plantar fasciitis and ruptured ligament recovery. Most microcurrent treatments concentrate on pain and/or speeding healing and recovery. It is commonly used by professional and performance athletes with acute pain and/or muscle tenderness as it is drug-free and non-invasive, thus avoiding testing and recovery issues. It is also used as a cosmetic treatment.

Party for Human and Spirit

The Party for Human and Spirit (Dutch: Partij voor Mens en Spirit, MenS) is a Dutch political party, founded in March 2008. In December 2008, the party registered with the electoral council. MenS took part in the parliamentary elections in 2010 where they won 0.3% of the vote, not enough to enter the House of Representatives. The founder and president of the party is Lea Manders. She is an astrologer and has been a city councillor in Arnhem since 1998. MenS participated in the municipal elections of March 5, 2010 in the municipalities of Amsterdam and Eindhoven. Respectively, they won 0.3 and 0.5 percent and did not gain any seats.

In november 2014 MenS participated in a combined list with the Basis Income Party, the Netherlands (Dutch: Basis Inkomen Partij, BIP) in the municipality of Alkmaar and they won 1.0 percent and did not gain any seats. On March 18, 2015 MenS is participating in the elections for the provinces in two of them: Groningen and Gelderland.

The Party for Human and Spirit is based on what they call "modern spiritual foundations". Their main agenda is reorganizing the monetary system in order to enable the country, the seventh highest GDP but with increasing poverty, to thrive.