Maquis (World War II)

The Maquis (French pronunciation: ​[maˈki]) were rural guerrilla bands of French Resistance fighters, called maquisards, during the Occupation of France in World War II. Initially, they were composed of men who had escaped into the mountains to avoid conscription into Vichy France's Service du travail obligatoire (STO) to provide forced labor for Germany. To avert capture and deportation to Germany, they became increasingly organized into non-active resistance groups.

Meaning

Originally the word came from the kind of terrain in which the armed resistance groups hid, the type of high ground in southeastern France covered with scrub growth. Although strictly meaning thicket, maquis could be roughly translated as "the bush". Historians have not yet established how the Corsican term arrived in the mainland of France; nevertheless, “the Italian-derived word ‘maquis’, used as a common description of woods and scrubland on the island, evoked an all-encompassing image of woods and mountains, whereas the more limited word ‘garrigue’ used in the south of France indicated [...] an inhospitable terrain, and the words ‘bois’, ‘foret’. and ‘montagne’ were too bland.” The term maquis signified both the bands of fighters and their rural location. The term established the image of a ‘maquisard’ as a “committed and voluntary fighter, a combattant, as distinct than the previous ‘réfractaire’ (unmanageable)." Members of those bands were called maquisards. The term became an honorific that meant "armed resistance fighter". The Maquis have come to symbolize the French Resistance.

World

World is a common name for the whole of human civilization, specifically human experience, history, or the human condition in general, worldwide, i.e. anywhere on Earth or pertaining to anywhere on Earth.

In a philosophical context it may refer to:

In a theological context, world usually refers to the material or the profane sphere, as opposed to the celestial, spiritual, transcendent or sacred. The "end of the world" refers to scenarios of the final end of human history, often in religious contexts.

World history is commonly understood as spanning the major geopolitical developments of about five millennia, from the first civilizations to the present.

World population is the sum of all human populations at any time; similarly, world economy is the sum of the economies of all societies (all countries), especially in the context of globalization. Terms like world championship, gross world product, world flags etc. also imply the sum or combination of all current-day sovereign states.

World (Bee Gees song)

"World" is a song from the Bee Gees' fourth album Horizontal, released in 1967 in the United Kingdom. Though it was a big hit in Europe, Atco Records did not issue it as a single in the United States, having just issued a third single from Bee Gees' 1st, "Holiday".

Composition

The song's lyrics question the singer's purpose in life.

Recording

The song's first recording session was on 3 October 1967 along with "With the Sun in My Eyes" and "Words". The song's last recording session was on 28 October 1967. "World" was originally planned as having no orchestra, so all four tracks were filled with the band, including some mellotron or organ played by Robin. When it was decided to add an orchestra, the four tracks containing the band were mixed to one track and the orchestra was added to the other track. The stereo mix suffered since the second tape had to play as mono until the end when the orchestra comes in on one side. Barry adds: "'World' is one of those things we came up with in the studio, Everyone just having fun and saying, 'Let's just do something!' you know". Vince Melouney recalls: "I had this idea to play the melody right up in the top register of the guitar behind the chorus".

World (The Price of Love)

"World (The Price of Love)" is a 1993 single by New Order, taken from the album Republic. Simply listed as "World" on the album, the subtitle "The Price of Love" was added for the single release, as it is repeated during the chorus. A 7:34 dance remix of the track by Paul Oakenfold, called the "Perfecto mix", was included on many releases of the single and was used for an alternate edit of the video.

Video

The same music video was used for both the original version and an edit of the Perfecto remix of the song. Shot in Cannes with only 5 long steadicam shots, the video features the camera slowly journeying from a pier into an expensive hotel, lingering on the faces of passers-by. It features the band only fleetingly - Peter Hook sits at a table on the seafront, Bernard Sumner stands overlooking the sea, and Stephen Morris and Gillian Gilbert pose for a photograph outside the Carlton Hotel. This would be the last time the band would appear in a video until 2005's "Jetstream".

Maquis

Maquis shrubland or macchia is a biome in the Mediterranean region. The name has been adopted by a variety of guerrilla movements.

Maquis may also refer to:

See also

War (painting)

War is a painting created by Portuguese-British visual artist Paula Rego in 2003.

Description

War is a large pastel on paper composition measuring 1600mm x 1200mm. A rabbit-headed woman stands prominently in the center carrying a wounded child, surrounded by several realistic and fantastic figures recalling a style Rego describes as "beautiful grotesque".

For The Telegraph's Alastair Sooke, "The more you look at War, the curiouser and curiouser it becomes. Rego's white rabbits owe more to Richard Kelly's film Donnie Darko than Lewis Carroll's Wonderland."

Background

The painting first appeared as part of Rego's "Jane Eyre and Other Stories" exhibition at Marlborough Fine Art in London in 2003. It was inspired by a photograph that appeared in The Guardian near the beginning of the Iraq War, in which a girl in a white dress is seen running from an explosion, with a woman and her baby unmoving behind her. In an interview conducted in relation to the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía's 2007 exhibition, Rego said of this painting, "I thought I would do a picture about these children getting hurt, but I turned them into rabbits' heads, like masks. It’s very difficult to do it with humans, it doesn’t get the same kind of feel at all. It seemed more real to transform them into creatures."

War of 1812 (disambiguation)

The War of 1812 was a military conflict between the United States of America and the British Empire.

War of 1812 may also refer to:

See also