Mantissa

Mantissa may refer to:

Significand

The significand (also mantissa or coefficient) is part of a number in scientific notation or a floating-point number, consisting of its significant digits. Depending on the interpretation of the exponent, the significand may represent an integer or a fraction. The word mantissa seems to have been introduced by Arthur Burks in 1946 writing for the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, although this use of the word is discouraged by the IEEE floating-point standard committee as well as some professionals such as the creator of the standard William Kahan.

Example

The number 123.45 can be represented as a decimal floating-point number with the integer 12345 as the significand and a 10⁻² power term also called characteristics, where −2 is the exponent (and 10 the base). Its value is given by the following arithmetic:

This same value can also be represented in normalized form with 1.2345 as the fractional coefficient, and +2 as the exponent (and 10 as the base):

Schmid, however, called this representation with a significand ranging between 1.0 and 10 a modified normalized form.

Common logarithm

In mathematics, the common logarithm is the logarithm with base 10. It is also known as the decadic logarithm and also as the decimal logarithm, named after its base, or Briggsian logarithm, after Henry Briggs, an English mathematician who pioneered its use, as well as "standard logarithm". It is indicated by log₁₀(x), or sometimes Log(x) with a capital L (however, this notation is ambiguous since it can also mean the complex natural logarithmic multi-valued function). On calculators it is usually "log", but mathematicians usually mean natural logarithm (logarithm with base e ≈ 2.71828) rather than common logarithm when they write "log". To mitigate this ambiguity the ISO 80000 specification recommends that log₁₀(x) should be written lg (x) and log_e(x) should be ln (x).

Uses

Before the early 1970s, handheld electronic calculators were not available and mechanical calculators capable of multiplication were bulky, expensive and not widely available. Instead, tables of base-10 logarithms were used in science, engineering and navigation when calculations required greater accuracy than could be achieved with a slide rule. Use of logarithms avoided laborious and error prone paper and pencil multiplications and divisions. Because logarithms were so useful, tables of base-10 logarithms were given in appendices of many text books. Mathematical and navigation handbooks included tables of the logarithms of trigonometric functions as well. See log table for the history of such tables.

Mahogany

Mahogany is a kind of wood—the straight-grained, reddish-brown timber of three tropical hardwood species of the genus Swietenia, indigenous to the Americas, part of the pantropical chinaberry family, Meliaceae. The three species are:

Mahogany (horse)

Mahogany (foaled 1990) (Last Tycoon from Alshandegha) was an Australian thoroughbred who raced in the mid-1990s. He was aimed at the three-year-old staying events, where he won the Victoria Derby and the Australian Derby. But as an older horse he usually was restricted to sprint races.

The notable exception was the 1995 W.S. Cox Plate where he ran a photo-finish second to Octagonal. Mahogany won 8 Group One events and won A$3,667,618. He was owned by Kerry Packer and Lloyd Williams and trained by Lee Freedman. The Mahogany Room at Crown Casino was named after him.

See also

Millionaire Racehorses in Australia

References

Mahogany (band)

Mahogany are an electric music-based multidisciplinary media ensemble formed in Michigan in 1995 and currently working in Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, and other locations. The band's sound combines vocals, cello, massed guitars, pianos, melodicas, sequencers, synthesizers, samplers, tape, percussion, and other instruments. Mahogany also use film, video, animation, cinema, graphic design, photography, typography and other realization and rendering techniques for a cumulative effect that the band refers to as the "Hypercube".

Mahogany have released two critically acclaimed full-length albums, The Dream of the Modern Day (2000) and Connectivity! (2006), as well as numerous singles, EPs and compilation tracks collected on Memory Column: Early Works and Rarities 1996-2004 (2005). They have performed live with Vampire Weekend, Spoon, Chairlift, Clinic, Bloc Party, Serena Maneesh, Interpol, Luna, Broadcast, and others, maintaining a cult status among the group’s listeners.

Foundation