Malleus
The malleus /ˈmæliəs/ or hammer is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear which connects with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum. The word is Latin for hammer or mallet. It transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus.
Structure
The malleus is a bone situated in the middle ear. It is the first of the three ossicles, and attached to the tympanic membrane. The head of the malleus is the large protruding section, which attaches to the incus. The head connects to the neck of malleus, and the bone continues as the handle of malleus, which connects to the tympanic membrane. Between the neck and handle of the malleus, lateral and anterior processes emerge from the bone.
The malleus is unique to mammals, and evolved from a lower jaw bone in basal amniotes called the articular, which still forms part of the jaw joint in reptiles and birds.
Development
Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and mandible.
Glanders
Glanders (from Middle English glaundres or Old French glandres, both meaning glands) (Latin: malleus German: Rotz) (also known as "equinia", "farcy", and "malleus") is an infectious disease that occurs primarily in horses, mules, and donkeys. It can be contracted by other animals, such as dogs, cats, and goats. It is caused by infection with the bacterium Burkholderia mallei, usually by ingestion of contaminated feed or water. Signs of glanders include the formation of nodular lesions in the lungs and ulceration of the mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract. The acute form results in coughing, fever, and the release of an infectious nasal discharge, followed by septicaemia and death within days. In the chronic form, nasal and subcutaneous nodules develop, eventually ulcerating. Death can occur within months, while survivors act as carriers.
Glanders is endemic in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Central and South America. It has been eradicated from North America, Australia, and most of Europe through surveillance and destruction of affected animals, and import restrictions.
Malleus (disambiguation)
Malleus (Latin for "hammer") may refer to:
See also
Podcasts:
Màlleus
ALBUMS
- Paranorm - Opera Totale released: 1996
Malleus
ALBUMS
- Zu Hofe des Mittelalters, Volume 1 released: 2003
- In Flammare released: 2003
- Miroque, Volume VIII released: 2003
- Best of Medieval & Romantic 1 released: 2002
Malleus
ALBUMS
- Acerbus Mortis released: 2005
- A semente da ruína released: 2004
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Degradacin
by: Malicia[Letra y Msica: M.Escobar]
LLEG" A MI LA INCOMPRENSI"N, DESILUSI"N.
MOSTR?NDOME LA REALIDAD, TU PROFESI"N.
LA GORDA DE BUZ"N CON SU
PENDEJO VENDIENDO MERCA.
DEGRADACION O ENFERMEDAD.
NO CULPO AL QUE NO PAS" SU INFANCIA FELIZ,
AL QUE NO TUVO EDUCACI"N
Y SE LA BANC".
PERO LOS PRINCIPIOS DE LA MORAL
NO SON GENETICOS.
DEGRADACION O ENFERMEDAD.
DEGRADACION O ENFERMEDAD.
LA INCONSCIENCIA QUE MANDA A LA TENTACI"N.
Y QUE CARAJO TE IMPORTA TU HIJO EN VIDA.
PUES EL HOMBRE NO MUERE EL HOMBRE SE MATA.
LOS GRITOS QUE NUNCA ESCUCH?S LLORAN POR VOS.