Jörð

In Norse mythology, Jörð (Icelandic "earth", pronounced [ˈjœrð] and from Old Norse jǫrð, pronounced [ˈjɔrð], sometimes Anglicized as Jord or Jorth; also called Jarð, [jɑrð] as in Old East Norse), is a female jötunn. She is the mother of Thor and the personification of the Earth. Fjörgyn and Hlóðyn are considered to be other names for Jörð. Some scholars refer to Jörð as a goddess. Jörð's name appears in skaldic poetry both as a poetic term for the land and in kennings for Thor.

Etymology

Jörð is the common word for earth in Old Norse, as are the word's descendants in the modern Scandinavian languages; Icelandic jörð, Faroese jørð, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian jord. It is cognate to English "earth" through Old English eorðe.

Attestations

Gylfaginning

In Gylfaginning, the first part of the Prose Edda, Jörð is described as one of Odin's sexual partners and the mother of Thor. She is the daughter of Annar and Nótt and half-sister of Auðr and Dagr.

However, scholar Haukur Thorgeirsson points out that the four manuscripts of Gylfaginning vary in their descriptions of the family relations between Nótt, Jörð, Dagr, and Dellingr. In other words, depending on the manuscript, either Jörð or Nótt is the mother of Dagr and partner of Dellingr. Haukur details that "the oldest manuscript, U, offers a version where Jǫrð is the wife of Dellingr and the mother of Dagr while the other manuscripts, R, W and T, cast Nótt in the role of Dellingr's wife and Dagr's mother", and argues that "the version in U came about accidentally when the writer of U or its antecedent shortened a text similar to that in RWT. The results of this accident made their way into the Icelandic poetic tradition".

JR

JR or Jr. may refer to:

Organizations

  • Aero California (IATA code)
  • Japan Railways Group
  • Japan Remote Control, a radio control equipment manufacturer
  • John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, England
  • People

  • Jackie Robinson (1919–1972), American Major League Baseball player
  • James Robertson (judge) (born 1938), American District Court Judge
  • Jeremy Roenick (born 1970), professional ice hockey player
  • Jim Rome (born 1964), American sports radio host
  • Jim Ross (born 1952), professional wrestling commentator
  • Johnny Cash (1932–2003), American singer born John R. Cash
  • Johnny Rebel (singer) (1938–2014), Southern country singer
  • Jonas Renkse (born 1975), vocalist of Katatonia
  • Jordan Rudess (born 1956), keyboardist of Dream Theater
  • JR (artist) (born 1983), anonymous French artist working in international slums
  • J. R. Bremer (born 1980), American-born naturalized Bosnian basketball player
  • J. R. Redmond (born 1977), former NFL player for the New England Patriots
  • J. R. Richard (born 1950), former baseball player for the Houston Astros
  • J&R

    J&R is an online electronics and music retailer, based in New York City. It had a well-known retail location on Park Row, across from New York City Hall for 43 years, and is currently being renovated in preparation for a reopening at a later, unannounced date. J&R stands for Joe and Rachelle Friedman, the founders, who established the company in 1971 after emigrating from Israel. The heavily trafficked store had expanded from selling LPs to eventually encompassing J&R Music World and J&R Computer World, selling everything from Blu-ray Disc players to the latest electronic gadgets.

    J&R also had a location at Columbia University, which closed in the fall of 2002. J&R later opened a J&R Express at the bottom level of Macy's Herald Square in 2006, and which was later closed in 2012.

    It currently operates a store under the name "J&R Express", which opened in the New York City flagship location of Century 21 in November 2014.

    History

    In 1971, 20-year-old newlyweds Joseph and Rachelle Friedman started J&R as a small consumer electronics store selling stereos and television sets in a 500 square foot store front at 33 Park Row

    Cosmetics

    Cosmetics, also known as makeup or make-up, are care substances used to enhance the appearance or odor of the human body. They are generally mixtures of chemical compounds, some being derived from natural sources (such as coconut oil) and many being synthetics.

    In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as "intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions." This broad definition includes any material intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product. The FDA specifically excludes soap from this category.

    Name

    The word cosmetics derives from the Greek κοσμητικὴ τέχνη (kosmetikē tekhnē), meaning "technique of dress and ornament", from κοσμητικός (kosmētikos), "skilled in ordering or arranging" and that from κόσμος (kosmos), meaning amongst others "order" and "ornament".

    History

    Ancient Sumerian men and women were possibly the first to invent and wear lipstick, about 5,000 years ago. They crushed gemstones and used them to decorate their faces, mainly on the lips and around the eyes. Also around 3000 BC to 1500 BC, women in the ancient Indus Valley Civilization applied red tinted lipstick to their lips for face decoration.Ancient Egyptians extracted red dye from fucus-algin, 0.01% iodine, and some bromine mannite, but this dye resulted in serious illness. Lipsticks with shimmering effects were initially made using a pearlescent substance found in fish scales. 6 thousand year old relics the hollowed out tombs of the Ancient Egyptian pharaohs are discovered. According to one source, early major developments include:

    Make-up (disambiguation)

    Make-up or makeup may refer to:

  • Cosmetics, for use in face-to-face interactions
  • Theatrical makeup, for performers
  • Prosthetic makeup
  • The Make-Up, a Washington DC area band
  • Make-Up (Japanese band), a Japanese band
  • Make Up (album), an album by Flower Travellin' Band
  • Make Up (EP), an EP by Hyomin
  • Make Up (book), a John Smith book
  • Make-Up (1937 film), a 1937 British film
  • Make-Up (2014 film), a 2014 Korean film
  • Renewing or restoring an interpersonal or intimate relationship
  • Make Up (record label), see RecRec Music
  • See also

  • Body painting
  • Make-Up (Japanese band)

    MAKE-UP was a hard rock and heavy metal Japanese band formed in 1983. The band became very famous in Japan for their work on the theme songs for the anime Saint Seiya. The band also recorded three albums with songs inspired by the same anime: Saint Seiya Hits I, Saint Seiya Hits II and Saint Seiya 1996 Song Collection.

    History

    In 1984 they performed their first show and released their first two albums: Howling Will and Straight Liner.

    In 1985, they released their third album Born to Be Hard and their fourth and final album Rock Legend of Boys and Girls.

    In 1986, the band is invited by Nippon Columbia to sing the Saint Seiya theme songs. Pegasus Fantasy came to be one of the most well-known anime songs of all time. In 2012, an Omega version is used for Saint Seiya Omega.

    After the Saint Seiya albums, the band split up and each member followed their own solo careers.

    In 2004, Nippon Columbia released Make-Up 20th Anniversary Memories of Blue, a box that included five CDs and a live DVD, but no new song were recorded.

    J R

    J R is a novel by William Gaddis published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1975. It was the author's second published book, twenty years after his first, and it won the annual U.S. National Book Award for Fiction.

    Plot synopsis

    J R tells the story of the eponymous J R Vansant, an 11-year-old schoolboy who obscures his identity through payphone calls and postal money orders in order to parlay penny stock holdings into a fortune on paper. The novel broadly satirizes what Gaddis called "the American dream turned inside out". One critic called it "the greatest satirical novel in American literature." Novelist Louis Auchincloss thought it "worthy of Swift."

    Literary analysis

    The writing style of J R is intended to mimic Gaddis' view of contemporary society: "a chaos of disconnections, a blizzard of noise" The novel is told almost entirely in dialogue, and there is sometimes little indication (other than conversational context) of which character is speaking. (Gaddis later said he did this in order to make the reader a collaborator in the process of creating the characters.) There are also no chapters, with transitions between scenes occurring by way of shifts in focalization: for example, a character who is in a meeting may leave the meeting, get in his car, and drive off, passing, as he does so, another character, who becomes the subject of the next scene without any break in the continuity of the narration (though the novel is written in a discontinuous or fragmentary tone). The novel is thus broken only into French scenes (or perhaps "French chapters"). Gaddis later advised the reader not to put too much effort into figuring out each word but to read the novel at a normal talking speed; "it was the flow that I wanted," he said, "for the readers to read and be swept along -- to participate. And enjoy it. And occasionally chuckle, laugh along the way."

    Podcasts:

    J. R.

    ALBUMS

    J*R

    ALBUMS

    J.R.

    ALBUMS

    J.R.

    ALBUMS

    J.R.

    ALBUMS

    Joe Rinoie

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