Magistrate

In modern usage, a magistrate is a judge or lawyer who hears cases in courts. In the United Kingdom, the term magistrate usually refers to a volunteer of the Magistrates' Courts, whereas in North America it refers to an officer of the state. Formerly, in ancient Rome, a magistratus was one of the highest ranking government officers and possessed both judicial and executive powers. Today, in common law systems, a magistrate has limited law enforcement and administration authority. In civil law systems, a magistrate may be a judge in a superior court, where the magistrates' court might have jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases. A related but not always equivalent term is chief magistrate which historically can denote a political and administrative officer.

Etymology

Magistrate derives from the Middle English word magistrat, denoting a "civil officer in charge of administrating laws" (c.1374); from the Old French magistrat; from the Latin magistratus, which derives from magister (master), from the root of magnus (great).

Magistrates (comics)

The Magistrates are the police force of the fictional nation of Genosha in the Marvel Comics universe.

Publication history

The Magistrates were created by Chris Claremont and debuted in Uncanny X-Men #235 (October 1988).

Fictional team history

Before Magneto came into power, the Genoshan government operated a notorious militia known as the Magistrates. They hunted down any who attempted to escape. The Magistrates were equipped with highly advanced weaponry, battle suits, and assault vehicles. The oppression was so brutal that when the Magistrates seized control over the government, it sparked spontaneous uprising among the Mutates across the island.

Major members

External links

Magistrates (band)

Magistrates is a pop band hailing from South Woodham Ferrers in Essex, England.

Members

History

Paul and Mark played in various bands whilst growing up together, including performing under the name Echelon in 2006 with Andrew Grant. After a change to the current line-up and a change of name in mid-2007, Magistrates signed to XL Recordings in the June 2008. The band released two singles "Make This Work" (August 2008), and "Heartbreak" (May 2009).

Magistrates played the 2009 Samsung NME Radar Tour alongside La Roux, Heartbreak and The Chapman Family.

Magistrates also played the HMV Forum, Kentish Town, London on the 15th of May 2009, as a support band for Friendly Fires alongside Wax Stag.

Magistrates supported Blur for two of their 2009 'comeback' gigs at the Cliffs Pavilion, Westcliff-on-Sea and (civic hall,Wolvehampton), and La Roux at Chinnerys, Southend-on-sea.

Magistrates also played a gig at Wakestock festival 2009, they were met by huge support from many fans there.

In August 2009, Magistrates performed a set at the Big Chill festival in Herefordshire as well as featuring on the Festival Republic stage at the Reading and Leeds festivals.