A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption (an explosion which occurs when groundwater comes into contact with hot lava or magma). A maar characteristically fills with water to form a relatively shallow crater lake. The name comes from the local Moselle Franconian dialect of Daun in the Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, where it derives from Latin mare (sea). Maars are shallow, flat-floored craters that scientists interpret as having formed above diatremes as a result of a violent expansion of magmatic gas or steam; deep erosion of a maar presumably would expose a diatreme. Maars range in size from 60 to 8,000m (200 to 26,250ft) across and from 10 to 200m (33 to 656ft) deep; most maars commonly fill with water to form natural lakes. Most maars have low rims composed of a mixture of loose fragments of volcanic rocks and rocks torn from the walls of the diatreme.
Examples
The largest known maars are found on the Seward Peninsula in northwest Alaska. These maars range in size from 4,000 to 8,000m (13,123 to 26,247ft) in diameter and a depth up to 300m (984ft). These eruptions occurred in a period of about 100,000 years, with the youngest (the Devil Mountain Maar) occurring about 17,500 years ago. Their large size is due to the explosive reaction that occurs when magma comes into contact with permafrost. Hydromagmatic eruptions are increasingly explosive when the ratio of water to magma is low. Since permafrost melts slowly, it provides a steady source of water to the eruption while keeping the water to magma ratio low. This produces the prolonged, explosive eruptions that created these large maars. Examples of the Seward Peninsula maars include North Killeak Maar, South Killeak Maar, Devil Mountain Maar and Whitefish Maar.
This incident comes amid ongoing controversy surrounding her participation in SamayRaina's YouTube show India's Got Latent, for which she allegedly faces multiple FIRs related to obscenity charges ... .
) Van LanschotKempen N.V. Van Lanschot Kempen N.V ... Title Van Lanschot Kempen ... voortgang inkoopprogramma van eigen aandelen van 11 maart tot en met 17 maar.
The reaction from Akhilesh follows the decision by the local administration in Uttar Pradesh, after which several mosques were covered with tarpaulin sheets ahead of the Holi festival... .
(MENAFN - IANS) Shahjahanpur, March 11 (IANS) In a bid to maintain peace and ensure the safety of religious places during the upcoming Holi celebrations, the district administration of Shahjahanpur, ... .