Moir

Moir or MOIR may refer to:

See also

Moir (surname)

Moir ([MOY-er]) is a surname of Scottish origin, and is part of the Clan Gordon of the Scottish Highlands. The name in its present form dates from the 14th century, and means "brave, renowned, mighty" in the Scots Gaelic dialect. Four generations of Moirs were active members of the Burgesses & Guild Brethren of Glasgow, 1751-1846.

The earliest Moir of record was one Adam de la More. In 1213, King John of England sent Adam de la More to the King of Scotland with a gift of gyrfalcons. It looks as if he, and perhaps others of his name settled in Scotland.

In the County of Rubislaw, Gilchrist More was one of the Barons who swore fidelity to Edward I in 1296. Gilcrist More is said to have incurred the wrath of Sir Walter Cumyn but later married his daughter and secured lands of Rowallan Castle near Kilmarnock in Ayershire. Gilcrist's granddaughter, Elizabeth Mure of Rowallan married the future King Robert II in 1346. The heiress of Polkellie, Janet More, in the time of David II married Sir Adam Muir of Rowalian.

Moiré pattern

In mathematics, physics, and art, a moiré pattern (/mwɑːrˈeɪ/; French: [mwaˈʁe]) is a secondary and visually evident superimposed pattern created, for example, when two identical (usually transparent) patterns on a flat or curved surface (such as closely spaced straight lines drawn radiating from a point or taking the form of a grid) are overlaid while displaced or rotated a small amount from one another.

In physics, its manifestation is the beat phenomenon, that occurs in many wave interference conditions.

Etymology

The term originates from moire (moiré in its French adjectival form), a type of textile, traditionally of silk but now also of cotton or synthetic fiber, with a rippled or "watered" appearance.

The history of the word moiré is complicated. The earliest agreed origin is the Arabic mukhayyar (مُخَيَّر in Arabic, which means chosen), a cloth made from the wool of the Angora goat, from khayyara (خيّر in Arabic), "he chose" (hence "a choice, or excellent, cloth"). It has also been suggested that the Arabic word was formed from the Latin marmoreus, meaning "like marble". By 1570 the word had found its way into English as mohair. This was then adopted into French as mouaire, and by 1660 (in the writings of Samuel Pepys) it had been adopted back into English as moire or moyre. Meanwhile, the French mouaire had mutated into a verb, moirer, meaning "to produce a watered textile by weaving or pressing", which by 1823 had spawned the adjective moiré. Moire (pronounced "mwar") and moiré (pronounced "mwar-ay") are now used somewhat interchangeably in English, though moire is more often used for the cloth and moiré for the pattern.