Boyash
Boyash (or Bayash; Romanian: Băieşi, Hungarian: Beás, Slovak: Bojáš, South Slavic: Bojaši) refers to a Romani ethnic group living in Romania, southern Hungary, northeastern Croatia, western Vojvodina, Slovakia, the Balkans, but also in the Americas. Alternative names are Rudari (Ludari), Lingurari and Zlătari.
History
The Boyash are a branch/caste of the Romani people who were held as slaves in Wallachia and Moldavia together with other Romani castes, up until the latter half of the 19th century; such slavery was abolished in Romanian states in 1864.
In particular, the Boyash were forced to settle in the 14th century and work in mining (a regionalism for mine in Romanian: "baie," from Middle Age Slavonic.). Due to their close proximity with Romanian-speaking people, they lost the use of the Romani language. Some groups relearned Romani when they came in contact with other Romani-speaking Romanis, after they emigrated from Romania (for example, in Ecuador).
Another name for the Boyash, Rudari, comes from the Slavic ruda ("metal", "ore"). However, a few centuries later, the mines became inefficient and the Boyash people were forced to readjust by earning their living making wood utensils (Lingurari means "spoon-makers" in Romanian; also cf. Serbian ruda, Hungarian rúd, Romanian rudă meaning "staff, rod, pole, stick"). The nickname Kashtale ("wood-workers") was also given to them by the Romani-speaking Romanis and it has remained in Romani as a more general word for a Romani person who does not speak Romani.
Podcasts:
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A Pack Of Dogs
by: Lightyear"Johnny, uh, some kids on the show yesterday mentioned a new kind of music - Ska. You know anything about it?" "Nothing but a modern off-shoot of Reggae, updated by rock influences. Deafeningly upbeat. Can never become really popular because even though they've made the back-beat more conventional, it's still too exotic for man's acceptance."
Hello, hey now
The Fonz is cool, Fonzy don't cry
Hello, hey now
Well ask Mr. T, he's a really nice guy
There we go with a sign of a smile
Slap in the goonies, we're lost for a while
Where'd you go my breakfast club girl?
Will you stand by me in a stand by World?
(Will you stand by me in a stand by World?
Will you stand by me? Oh yeah)
Hello, hey now
The Fonz is cool, Fonzy don't cry
Hello, hey now
Well ask Mr. T, he's a really nice guy
There we go with a sign of a smile
Slap in the Ferris, we're cool for a while
They sit like a diamond inside of me
In one
A portable vacuum
In two
A mini-bar
In three
A holiday weekend
In four a Jaguar
In five
A soda stream machine
In six
A Betamax
In seven
A Remington shaver
Once you try it you'll never go back
Well look at me
Look at me
Look at me
Look at me
About to fall apart
Yes I'm even empty-handed with my bulls-eye dart
Taking it back to summer of '85
Piggyback fights I was so
Alive
Will I find
Boba Fett?
And maybe my old Lego playset
Ip dip dog shit
You're on my friend
Cos you trod in it
Turkey Lurkey one, two, three
Tic off ground and it's home for tea
In one
A portable vacuum
In two
A mini-bar
In three
A holiday weekend
In four a Jaguar
In five
A soda stream machine
In six
A Betamax
In seven
A Remington shaver
Once you try it you'll never go back
Well look at me
Look at me
Look at me
Look at me
About to fall apart
Yes I'm even empty-handed with my bulls-eye dart
Well look at me
Look at me
Look at me
Look at me
About to fall apart
Yes I'm even empty-handed with my bulls-eye dart
(Dum da-dum, Dum da-dum, Da-dum da-dum)
(Doo de-doo doo doo doo-doo)
(Michael J Fox, Michael J Fox, Michael J Fox)
(Paul Daniels)
(MC Hammer, MC Hammer, MC Hammer)