Cud is a portion of food that returns from a ruminant's stomach to the mouth to be chewed for the second time. More accurately, it is a bolus of semi-degraded food regurgitated from the reticulorumen of a ruminant. Cud is produced during the physical digestive process of rumination. The idiomatic expression chewing one's cud means meditating or pondering; similar expressions such as "he chewed that over for a bit", or "chew on that!" likely have the same derivation.
The alimentary canal of ruminants, such as cattle, goats, sheep, alpacas, and antelope, are unable to produce the enzymes required to break down the cellulose and hemicellulose of plant matter. Accordingly, these animals have developed a symbiotic relationship with a wide range of microbes, which largely reside in the reticulorumen, and which are able to synthesize the requisite enzymes. The reticulorumen thus hosts a microbial fermentation which yields products (mainly volatile fatty acids and microbial protein), which the ruminant is able to digest and absorb. This allows the animals to extract nutritional value from cellulose which is usually undigested.
Lola may refer to:
The Lola River is a tributary of the Strei River in Romania.
Lola (Greek: Λόλα) was the Greek remake of the successful Argentine comedy franchise Lalola. The series premiered on September 22, 2008 in Greece on ANT1 and ran Monday through Friday. The last episode was released on July 7, 2009.
The TV series centers on the transformation of a man into a woman, sharing with the audience the comical daily events of her new life.
The story begins with Leonidas Lalos who is editor and director of "Mister", a typical men's lifestyle magazine. Young, successful and accomplished, he is an eligible bachelor who has the same attitude towards women as he portrays them in his magazine: expendable pleasure items. His philosophy on life can be summed up as follows: fast cars, fast internet, fast women! In his path he leaves many brokenhearted victims the last of which, the beautiful and mysterious Romina decides to teach him a lesson. With the help of a gypsy she casts a spell on him. On a night with a moon eclipse, the transformation takes places and Lalos wakes up the next day as a beautiful woman.