Illinoian (stage)

The Illinoian Stage is the name used by Quaternary geologists in North America to designate the period of geologic time of ~191,000—130,000 years ago, a period of ~0.061 million years during the middle Pleistocene when sediments comprising the Illinoian Glacial Lobe were deposited. It precedes the Sangamonian stage and follows the Pre-Illinoian Stage in North America. The Illinoian Stage is defined as the period of geologic time during which the glacial tills and outwash, which comprise the bulk of the Glasford Formation, accumulated to create the Illinoian Glacial Lobe.

Definition

At its type exposure in Peoria County, Illinois, the Illinoian deposits consist of three till members of the Glasford Formation. They overlay Pre-Illinoian tills of the Banner Formation, in which the Yarmouth Soil (paleosol) has developed. In this exposure, the Illinoian Glasford Formation, in which the interglacial Sangamon Soil (palesosol) has developed, is overlain by early Wisconsinan stage loess, called the Roxana Silt. A paleosol, called the Pike Soil, separates two of the till members within the Glasford Formation.

Liman

Liman may refer to:

Liman, Novi Sad

Liman (Cyrillic: Лиман) is a neighborhood of Novi Sad, a city in the Serbian province of Vojvodina. Liman is divided into four parts: Liman I (with University campus), Liman II, Liman III and Liman IV. It is covering the area of 2.29 km².

Location

The northern border of Liman is Bulevar Cara Lazara (Tsar Lazar Boulevard), the western borders are Ulica Ribarsko ostrvo (Ribarsko ostrvo Street) and Ulica Sima Matavulja (Simo Matavulj Street), while the southern and eastern border is Danube river (i.e. Sunčani kej - "The Sunny Quay").

The neighbouring neighbourhoods are: Telep in the west, Adamovićevo Naselje, Grbavica and Stari Grad in the north, and Ribarsko ostrvo (not a settlement, but tourist destination) in the south. In the south-east of the settlement is river Danube.

History

By data from 1764, area on which Liman lies was part of stretch of forest from Futog to historic city centre of Novi Sad; and it was known as Great Liman.

Works on railroad from Budapest to Zemun and Belgrade were started in 1881. Railroad was built on today's Bulevar Cara Lazara (Tsar Lazar Boulevard); and rail station was built on today's corner of streets Vere Pavlović, Puškinova and Bulevar Cara Lazara. It was torn down in 1964, after a new railroad through town was built in Salajka and Podbara neighborhoods.

Liman (landform)

Liman (Лиман) is a Hellenized Russian adaptation of the Medieval Greek λιμένας (limenas) meaning bay or port. The term is usually used in place of the more universal delta, with its implication of landform, to describe wet estuaries in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. A synonymous term guba (губа) is used in Russian sources for estuaries of the Russian shores in the north. A liman is formed at the widening mouth of a river, where flow is blocked by a bar of sediments. Liman can be maritime (the bar being created by the current of a sea) or fluvial (the bar being created by the flow of a bigger river at the confluence).

Water in a liman is brackish with a variable salinity: during periods of low fresh water intake it may become significantly more saline as a result of evaporation and inflow of sea water.

Such features are found in places with low tidal range, for example along the western and northern coast of the Black Sea, in the Baltic Sea (Vistula Lagoon, the Curonian Lagoon), as well as along the lowest part of the Danube. Examples of limans include Lake Varna in Bulgaria, Lake Razelm in Romania, the Dniester Liman in Ukraine, the Anadyrskiy Liman in Siberia and Amur Liman.