Library stack

In library science and architecture, a stack or bookstack (often referred to as a library building's stacks) is a book storage area, as opposed to a reading area. More specifically, this term refers to a narrow-aisled, multilevel system of iron or steel shelving that evolved in the nineteenth century to meet increasing demands for storage space. An "open-stack" library allows its patrons to enter the stacks to browse for themselves; "closed stacks" means library staff retrieve books for patrons on request.

Early Development

French Architect Henri Labrouste, shortly after making pioneering use of iron in the Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve of 1850, created a four story iron stack for the Bibliothèque nationale de France. In 1857, multilevel stacks with grated iron floors were installed in the British Library. In 1876, William R. Ware designed a stack for Gore Hall at Harvard University. In contrast to the structural relationship found in most buildings, the floors of these bookstacks did not support the shelving, but rather the reverse, the floors being attached to, and supported by, the shelving framework. Even the load of the building's roof, and of any non-shelving spaces above the stacks (such as offices), may be transmitted to the building's foundation through the shelving system itself. The building's external walls act as an envelope but provide no significant structural support.

Stack (unit)

Stack was a US unit of volume for stacked firewood. Symbol for the unit was stk.

Definition

108 cubic foot.

Conversion

1 stack ≡ 54/21 Load (squared)

1 stack≡ 108 cubic foot

1 stack≡ 3.058219431936 m³

References

Stack (surname)

Stack is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Stack (software)

Stack is a tool to build Haskell projects and manage their dependencies. It uses the Cabal library together with a curated version of the Hackage repository.

Stack competes against Cabal's binary cabal-install and has been created as a result of the overall criticism about dependency problems. It does not, however, provide its own package format, but uses existing *.cabal files and complements projects with an additional stack.yaml file.

References

Library

A library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both. A library's collection can include books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microform, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, e-books, audiobooks, databases, and other formats. Libraries range in size from a few shelves of books to several million items. In Latin and Greek, the idea of bookcase is represented by Bibliotheca and Bibliothēkē (Greek: βιβλιοθήκη): derivatives of these mean library in many modern languages, e.g. French bibliothèque.

The first libraries consisted of archives of the earliest form of writing—the clay tablets in cuneiform script discovered in Sumer, some dating back to 2600 BC. Private or personal libraries made up of written books appeared in classical Greece in the 5th century BC. In the 6th century, at the very close of the Classical period, the great libraries of the Mediterranean world remained those of Constantinople and Alexandria.

Library (journal)

Library was a literary magazine founded in the United States in 1900.

Overview

The magazine was only published over the course of six months, until it ran out of funds.

Willa Cather published five original short stories (The Dance at Chevalier's, The Sentimentality of William Tavener, The Affair at Grover Station, and The Conversion of Sum Loo), sixteen articles and seven poems. She also re-published Peter, A Night at Greenway Court and A Singer's Romance. It has been noted that she was well paid for her contributions.

References

Halo (megastructure)

Halo rings are fictional megastructures and superweapons in the Halo video game series, giving its name. They are referred to as "Installations" by their AI monitors, and are collectively referred to as "the Array" by the installations' creators, the Forerunners. The series' alien antagonists, the Covenant, refer to the structures as the "Sacred Rings", believing them to form part of a greater religious prophecy known as "The Great Journey". According to Halo's fiction, the Forerunners built the rings to contain and study the Flood, an infectious alien parasite. The rings act together as a weapon of last resort; when fired, the rings kill any sentient life capable of falling prey to the Flood, starving the parasite of its food. The installations are at the crux of the plot progression for the Halo series.

The Halos are massive ringworlds, which feature their own wildlife and weather. The constructs resemble Larry Niven's Ringworld concept in shape and design. The structure that Halo: Combat Evolved takes place on was initially to be a hollowed-out planet, but was changed to its ring design later in development; a staff member provided "Halo" as the name for both the ring and the video game after names such as Red Shift were suggested.