Jinhui dialect

Jinhui dialect (Chinese: 金汇方言), also known as Dônđäc (Chinese: 偒傣; pinyin: Dàngdǎi), is a dialect of Wu Chinese spoken in the town of Jinhui in Shanghai's suburban Fengxian District. It has about 100,000 native speakers. Jinhui is located near the border of the ancient states of Wu and Yue during the Spring and Autumn period. Like other Wu dialects, Dônđäc has preserved many special features of the ancient language of the Baiyue people.

Dônđäc has 20 vowel qualities. According to a Fudan University research that was published in the journal Science, Dônđäc has the largest vowel quality inventory in the world, and ranks highest in overall phonemic diversity among all languages studied in the research. According to linguist Qian Nairong, who spent eight years teaching in Fengxian and studying its dialects, the reason Dônđäc has so many vowels is because Jinhui is the place where five isoglosses intersect.

Phonology

Jinhui has 20 vowels, compared with 7 in Standard Mandarin. Pairs of checked and non-checked finals have different vowels. These differences are meaningful in distinguishing phonemes, therefore they are considered different vowels.

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