LUMA Foundation

LUMA Foundation is a nonprofit organization established in 2004 that is based out of Zurich Switzerland. It supports the activities of independent contemporary artists and other pioneers working in the fields of art, photography, publishing, documentary, and multimedia.

History

Established by Maja Hoffmann, the foundation promotes artistic projects combining a particular interest in environmental issues, human rights, education, and culture in the broadest sense.

Programs

In 2011, the LUMA Foundation launched an acquisition program of books and films for its future library and hosted a symposium in Arles entitled The Human Snapshot, which brought together a number of leading thinkers to discuss the photographic image and its impact on human rights.

The LUMA Foundation's focus is to create an experimental cultural complex, the Parc des Ateliers in Arles, France, dedicated to the production of exhibitions and ideas and developed with architect Frank Gehry. This project envisions an interdisciplinary center for the production of art exhibitions, research, education and archives.

Foundation

Foundation may refer to:

Organizations

Literature

Music

Foundation (Lackey novel)

Foundation is a Fantasy novel written in 2008 by Mercedes Lackey. It is the first book in The Collegium Chronicles (followed by Intrigues (2010), Changes (2011), Redoubt (2013), and "Bastion" (2014) It is a depiction of the early history of Valdemar its timeline is between The Last Herald Mage and Brightly Burning. The book details a change in the training of Heralds from essentially an apprenticeship such as experienced by Tylendel and Vanyel, to a school based system such as the one in Arrows of The Queen and Brightly Burning. Not all Heralds are in favor of this mainly citing lack of supervision as an objection.

Plot summary

The novel tells the story of Mags, an enslaved child working alongside other enslaved orphans in the bowels of a gemstone mine. The mine owner, Cole Peters, treats the children with casual brutality, an Mags, orphaned in his early childhood, has known no other life all the way up until the mysterious white horse stampedes into his life. This of course, is Dallen, his Companion, who assists Mags by bringing in another Herald to free him and the children. Their freedom comes on the heels of the arrest of Cole Peters, and Mags is flung into the fray of Haven as a Heraldic Trainee, with no notion of life outside of abject slavery. This, of course, left its scars, and Mags has both no idea of how to function in "normal" society, and no notion of why he so often winds up on the wrong end of trouble. His heavy accent and "stupidity" about such normal things leads to the King's Own taking him under his wing as a spy protégé, however, Mags lives in perpetual fear of the bad old days. This fear isn't unjustified, for it seems all of the Heralds are experiencing their own tumultuous changes, as they slowly abandon the old system of apprenticeships which Vanyel learned in, for one of a collegiate style such as what Herald Talia and Herald Elspeth experienced in the time of Arrows of the Queen.

Foundation (United States law)

A foundation in the United States is a type of charitable organization. However, the Internal Revenue Code distinguishes between private foundations (usually funded by an individual, family, or corporation) and public charities (community foundations and other nonprofit groups that raise money from the general public). Private foundations have more restrictions and fewer tax benefits than public charities like community foundations.

History

The two most famous philanthropists of the Gilded Age pioneered the sort of large-scale private philanthropy of which foundations are a modern pillar: John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie. The businessmen each accumulated private wealth at a scale previously unknown outside of royalty, and each in their later years decided to give much of it away. Carnegie gave away the bulk of his fortune in the form of one-time gifts to build libraries and museums before divesting almost the entirety of his remaining fortune in the Carnegie Foundation and the Carnegie Corporation of New York. Rockefeller followed suit (notably building the University of Chicago) and gave nearly half of his fortune to create the Rockefeller Foundation.

Luma

Luma or LUMA may refer to :

Luma (video)

In video, luma represents the brightness in an image (the "black-and-white" or achromatic portion of the image). Luma is typically paired with chrominance. Luma represents the achromatic image, while the chroma components represent the color information. Converting R'G'B' sources (such as the output of a 3CCD camera) into luma and chroma allows for chroma subsampling: because human vision has finer spatial sensitivity to luminance ("black and white") differences than chromatic differences, video systems can store chromatic information at lower resolution, optimizing perceived detail at a particular bandwidth.

Luma versus luminance

Luma is the weighted sum of gamma-compressed R'G'B' components of a color video – the prime symbols (') denote gamma-compression. The word was proposed to prevent confusion between luma as implemented in video engineering and luminance as used in color science (i.e. as defined by CIE). Luminance is formed as a weighted sum of linear RGB components, not gamma-compressed ones. Even so, luma is erroneously called luminance.SMPTE EG 28 recommends the symbol Y' to denote luma and the symbol Y to denote luminance.

List of Mario franchise characters

The Mario franchise is a series of video games developed and published by Nintendo. The franchise features an extensive cast of characters.

For the main characters that appear under the franchises of spinoff series Donkey Kong and Wario, please refer to list of Donkey Kong characters and list of Wario characters.

All supporting characters and antagonists are listed in alphabetical order.

Main characters

Mario

Luigi

Princess Peach

Yoshi

Toad

Donkey Kong

Supporting characters

Baby Luma

Baby Luma (ベビィチコ, Bebi Chiko) is Mario's main companion in Super Mario Galaxy and its direct sequel Super Mario Galaxy 2.

In Super Mario Galaxy Baby Luma first finds Mario sleeping in the planet that houses the Gateway to the Starry Sky after he has been blasted out of the Mushroom World, and joins him at the request of Rosalina, aiding him in his quest to rescue Princess Peach from Bowser by allowing him to use the "Spin" move, which he can use to break crystals, attack enemies and further his jumps, among other things. In the ending of the game, Baby Luma sacrifices his life along his brethren to save the universe from a black hole.